FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\ru[1]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\ru¹

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0014832

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\ru

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Key Links

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Allele class

hypomorphic allele

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

Mutagen

spontaneous

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

hypomorphic allele

(Yu et al., 2010)

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

Mutagen

spontaneous

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Nucleotide substitution: C?T.

(Yu et al., 2010)

Amino acid replacement: Q55term.

(Yu et al., 2010)

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

point_mutation

3L:1,384,679..1,384,679 [+]

Nucleotide change:

C1384679T

Reported nucleotide change:

C?T

Amino acid change:

Q55term | ru-PA

Reported amino acid change:

Q55term

(Yu et al., 2010)

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

abnormal cell polarity

(Brown and Freeman, 2003)

abnormal planar polarity | recessive

(Schlesinger et al., 2004)

Phenotype Manifest In

adult heart chamber

(Yu et al., 2010)

cone cell

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

embryonic/larval ganglionic tracheal branch

(Gallio et al., 2004)

eye

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ommatidium

(Birkholz et al., 2009, Schlesinger et al., 2004, Brown and Freeman, 2003)

photoreceptor

(Brown and Freeman, 2003)

pigment cell

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

The cardiac chamber of homozygous ru¹ mutant flies is abnormally enlarged. Cardiac chamber wall thickness appear thinner in homozygous ru¹ flies compared with controls.

Extra cardiac structures in homozygous ru¹ flies appear similar to controls. Cardiac parameters of arrhythmia and heart rate are not significantly different between ru¹ homozygotes and control flies in intact adults or in dissected hearts perfused with artificial hemolymph.

(Yu et al., 2010)

ru¹ homozygotes have a week rough eye phenotype, but R8 differentiation appears normal.

(Birkholz et al., 2009)

ru¹ mutant clones contain normal number of adult midgut progenitor cell clusters.

(Jiang and Edgar, 2009)

In stage 16 ru¹ mutant embryos, a significant number of ganglionic branch trachea fail to turn posteriorly and dorsally at the ventral midline and instead cross the midline or remain lingering on it.

(Gallio et al., 2004)

In ru¹ homozygous flies, 64% of ommatidia show rotation defects.

(Schlesinger et al., 2004)

Heterozygous adults exhibit misrotated ommatidia and minor photoreceptor recruitment defects.

(Brown and Freeman, 2003)

The regular array of facets in the eyes of homozygotes produces a rough eye phenotype. There is variable loss of photoreceptors in these mutant eyes, however few defects if any are seen in the recruitment of photoreceptors. Cone cells are dramatically under-recruited, and some pigment cells are seen to be missing.

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

may overlap wild type Eyes small and rough, have irregular facets and hairs and have black specks from erupted facets. Expression variable; sometimes overlaps wild type. SEM study by Stumm-Tegethoff and Dick (1974).

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

ru¹ has visible phenotype, enhanceable by rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

ru¹ has abnormal planar polarity | recessive phenotype, suppressible by sl²/sl²

(Schlesinger et al., 2004)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

ru¹ is an enhancer of visible phenotype of rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

NOT Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

ru¹ is a non-enhancer of abnormal cell polarity phenotype of nmo^P1

(Brown and Freeman, 2003)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

ru¹ is a non-suppressor of abnormal cell polarity phenotype of nmo^P1

(Brown and Freeman, 2003)

Other

Statement

Reference

rho^7M43, ru¹ has increased cell death | embryonic stage phenotype

(Parker, 2006)

rho^7M43, ru¹ has abnormal mitotic cell cycle | somatic clone | cell non-autonomous phenotype

(Yang and Baker, 2003)

rho^7M43, ru¹ has abnormal mitotic cell cycle | somatic clone phenotype

(Yang and Baker, 2003)

rho^7M43, ru¹ has decreased cell number | somatic clone | embryonic stage phenotype

(Yang and Baker, 2003)

rho^7M43, ru¹, vn^L6 has visible phenotype

(Campbell, 2002)

rho^7M43, ru¹ has FlyBase_internaltransgene_features:cell lethal:cell lethal | somatic clone phenotype

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

rho^7M43, ru¹ has abnormal cell death | somatic clone phenotype

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

Df(3L)ru-K1, ru¹ has visible phenotype

(Krivshenko, 1958)

Phenotype Manifest In

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

ru¹ has eye phenotype, enhanceable by rho^7M43/rho^7M43

(Birkholz et al., 2009)

ru¹ has ommatidium phenotype, enhanceable by rho^7M43/rho^7M43

(Birkholz et al., 2009)

rho^7M43, ru¹ has photoreceptor neuron | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by sens^E2

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004)

ru¹ has cone cell | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ has eye | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ has photoreceptor cell R1 | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ has photoreceptor cell R2 | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ has photoreceptor cell R3 | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ has photoreceptor cell R4 | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ has photoreceptor cell R5 | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ has photoreceptor cell R6 | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ has photoreceptor cell R7 | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ has photoreceptor cell R8 | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ has photoreceptor neuron | somatic clone phenotype, enhanceable by rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

ru¹ has adult heart chamber phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4/spi^s.UAS

(Yu et al., 2010)

ru¹ has ommatidium phenotype, suppressible by sl²/sl²

(Schlesinger et al., 2004)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

ru¹ has adult heart chamber phenotype, non-suppressible by Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4/spi^UAS.cSa

(Yu et al., 2010)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

ru¹ is an enhancer of wing vein | adult stage phenotype of net¹

(Nagel et al., 2016)

ru¹ is an enhancer of photoreceptor cell R6 | somatic clone phenotype of rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ is an enhancer of photoreceptor cell R7 | somatic clone phenotype of rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ is an enhancer of photoreceptor cell R8 | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone phenotype of rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ is an enhancer of photoreceptor neuron | somatic clone phenotype of rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ is an enhancer of cone cell | somatic clone phenotype of rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ is an enhancer of eye | somatic clone phenotype of rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ is an enhancer of photoreceptor cell R1 | somatic clone phenotype of rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ is an enhancer of photoreceptor cell R2 | somatic clone phenotype of rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ is an enhancer of photoreceptor cell R3 | somatic clone phenotype of rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ is an enhancer of photoreceptor cell R4 | somatic clone phenotype of rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹ is an enhancer of photoreceptor cell R5 | somatic clone phenotype of rho^7M43

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

NOT Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

ru¹ is a non-enhancer of ommatidium phenotype of nmo^P1

(Brown and Freeman, 2003)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

ru[+]/ru¹ is a suppressor of eye phenotype of Scer\GAL4^GMR.PS, caz^KK107486

(Shimamura et al., 2014)

ru[+]/ru¹ is a suppressor of ommatidium phenotype of Scer\GAL4^GMR.PS, caz^KK107486

(Shimamura et al., 2014)

ru[+]/ru¹ is a suppressor of interommatidial bristle phenotype of Scer\GAL4^GMR.PS, caz^KK107486

(Shimamura et al., 2014)

ru[+]/ru¹ is a suppressor of cone cell phenotype of Scer\GAL4^GMR.PS, caz^KK107486

(Shimamura et al., 2014)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

rho^7M43/ru¹ is a non-suppressor of photoreceptor cell R1 phenotype of rasp^T802

(Steinhauer et al., 2013)

rho^7M43/ru¹ is a non-suppressor of photoreceptor cell R2 phenotype of rasp^T802

(Steinhauer et al., 2013)

rho^7M43/ru¹ is a non-suppressor of photoreceptor cell R3 phenotype of rasp^T802

(Steinhauer et al., 2013)

rho^7M43/ru¹ is a non-suppressor of photoreceptor cell R4 phenotype of rasp^T802

(Steinhauer et al., 2013)

rho^7M43/ru¹ is a non-suppressor of photoreceptor cell R5 phenotype of rasp^T802

(Steinhauer et al., 2013)

rho^7M43/ru¹ is a non-suppressor of photoreceptor cell R6 phenotype of rasp^T802

(Steinhauer et al., 2013)

rho^7M43/ru¹ is a non-suppressor of photoreceptor cell R7 phenotype of rasp^T802

(Steinhauer et al., 2013)

ru¹ is a non-suppressor of ommatidium phenotype of nmo^P1

(Brown and Freeman, 2003)

Other

Statement

Reference

rho^7M43, ru¹ has ommatidial precursor cluster | somatic clone phenotype

(Brown et al., 2006)

Gug¹⁴⁹⁶⁷, aos^Δ7, rho^7M43, ru¹ has eye photoreceptor cell | somatic clone phenotype

(Charroux et al., 2006)

rho^7M43, ru¹ has photoreceptor cell R1 | somatic clone phenotype

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004)

rho^7M43, ru¹ has photoreceptor cell R6 | somatic clone phenotype

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004)

rho^7M43, ru¹ has photoreceptor cell R7 | somatic clone phenotype

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004)

rho^7M43, ru¹ has photoreceptor cell R5 | somatic clone phenotype

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004, Yang and Baker, 2003)

rho^7M43, ru¹ has photoreceptor cell R3 | somatic clone phenotype

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004, Yang and Baker, 2003)

rho^7M43, ru¹ has photoreceptor cell R2 | somatic clone phenotype

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004, Yang and Baker, 2003)

rho^7M43, ru¹ has photoreceptor cell R4 | somatic clone phenotype

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004, Yang and Baker, 2003)

rho^7M43, ru¹, vn^L6 has tarsal segment phenotype

(Campbell, 2002)

Df(3L)ru-K1, ru¹ has eye phenotype

(Krivshenko, 1958)

Df(3L)ru-K1, ru¹ has ommatidium phenotype

(Krivshenko, 1958)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

The net¹ phenotype (ectopic veins, vein networking) can be enhanced by combination with CycG^HR7 but also by combination with mutant alleles of unrelated factors ru¹ or sp¹ demonstrating high susceptibility of the net¹ phenotype to perturbed genetic background.

(Nagel et al., 2016)

A ru¹ background suppresses the rough eye phenotype induced by expression of caz^KK107486.

(Shimamura et al., 2014)

A ru¹ rho^7M43 double mutant background fails to suppress the R1-R7 photoreceptor differentiation defects seen in rasp^T802 mutant eye disc clones.

(Steinhauer et al., 2013)

ru¹/+, rho^7M43/+ mutants have normal cardiac function.

Cardiac-specific expression of spi^s.Scer\UAS driven by Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4 restores normal cardiac function in homozygous ru¹ mutants.

Cardiac-specific expression of spi^Scer\UAS.cSa driven by Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4 fails to restore normal cardiac function in homozygous ru¹ mutants.

(Yu et al., 2010)

Eyes homozygous for both ru¹ and rho^7M43 are massively reduced and lack ommatidia.

(Birkholz et al., 2009)

ru¹ rho^7M43 Minute clones in the eye disc fail to form the arcs and rosettes of cells in the morphogenetic furrow that are seen in wild-type eye discs. Small clusters of cells can very occasionally be observed in the furrow but these appear at much lower levels than in wild type.

(Brown et al., 2006)

The extra photoreceptor cell phenotype of argos^Δ7 clones is enhanced in argos^Δ7 Gug¹⁴⁹⁶⁷ clones, with a greater percentage of ommatidia showing supernumerary photoreceptor cells. In contrast, ru¹ rho^7M43 Gug¹⁴⁹⁶⁷ argos^Δ7 mutant clones lack photoreceptor cells.

(Charroux et al., 2006)

ru¹, rho^7M43 embryos show an increased level of apoptosis.

(Parker, 2006)

In rho^7M43; ru¹ double mutant clones in the eye disc, only R8 photoreceptor cells differentiate In rho^7M43; ru¹; sens^E2 triple mutant clones, no photoreceptors differentiate except for a few photoreceptors near the clonal boundary, presumably rescued non-autonomously by neighboring wild-type cell. No rescue of photoreceptor development is seen when these triple mutant clones are made in a ro^x63 homozygous background.

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004)

The defects in ommatidial rotation seen in ru¹ homozygotes are almost completely suppressed by sl²/sl².

(Schlesinger et al., 2004)

69% of cuticles from rho^7M43; ru¹ double homozygous embryos have at least one denticle belt fusion, compared with 30% in rho^unspecified homozygotes. Other aspects of the cuticle phenotype in these double mutants are no stronger than those in rho^unspecified embryos. (Note, while the authors do not name an rho allele for this analysis, they do claim to have used a null allele.) Denticle belt fusions in the cuticles of rho^7M43; ru¹ double homozygous embryos are suppressed by Egfr::tor^{t4021E.hs.sev} or Ras85D^V12.Scer\UAS with Scer\GAL4^prd.RG1, and enhanced by Egfr^DN.Scer\UAS (P{UAS-Egfr.DN}29-77-1), Ras85D^N17.Scer\UAS or phl^{K497M.Scer\UAS} with Scer\GAL4^prd.RG1. The penetrance of denticle belt fusions in the cuticles of rho^7M43; ru¹ double homozygous embryos is reduced from just under 60% to less than 20% by Df(3L)H99/Df(3L)H99.

(Urban et al., 2004)

In rho^7M43; ru¹ double mutant somatic clones in the 3rd instar eye disc, photoreceptors R2-R5 fail to undergo or differentiation. Within rho^7M43; ru¹ double mutant somatic clones there is a failure of G1 arrest in the furrow: all cells except R8s re-enter the cell cycle. Most of these cells fail to progress past G2: most remain in G2 arrest posterior to column 3, but both cells in early mitosis and postmitotic cells can be seen near boundaries with wild-type cells.

(Yang and Baker, 2003)

Large ru¹ rho^7M43 vn^L6 triple mutant clones in the leg can result in truncations of the tarsus region (for example only three tarsal segments may be present). Mosaic legs which have wild-type tissue at the distal tip show rescue of tarsal development.

(Campbell, 2002)

Clones of doubly mutant for rho^7M43 and ru¹ do not survive into adult eyes. When mosaic ommatidia are studied, no mutant R8 photoreceptor cells are seen, while mutant photoreceptor cells R1-7 are seen in between a third and a half of mosaic ommatidia. When imaginal discs are examined, an absence of non-R8 photoreceptor cells are seen, and also a complete loss of cone cells. In these clones an increased level of apoptosis is also seen. Apoptotic cells are seen in two main zones, one just ahead of the advancing morphogenetic furrow, and one towards the posterior of the clone.

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

ru¹/Df(3L)ru-K1 flies have slightly diminished eyes and the facets are rough.

(Krivshenko, 1958)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Rescued by

ru¹ is rescued by Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4/ru^UAS.cYa

(Yu et al., 2010)

ru¹ is rescued by ru^hs.PW

(Wasserman et al., 2000)

Comments

Expression of ru^Scer\UAS.cYa driven by Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4 rescues the abnormal enlarged cardiac phenotype of ru¹ homozygotes.

(Yu et al., 2010)

Images (1)

Holtzman, S. and Kaufman, T. (2013)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (235)

Bloomington

575

ru¹

3256

ru¹ klar¹

581

ru¹ Mocs1¹ by¹

6882

ru¹ Aprt⁵ hry¹

4499

Df(3L)Scf-R11, ru¹/TM3, Sb¹

600

Df(3L)Aprt-1, ru¹ hry¹/TM3, Ser¹

1257

ru¹ hry¹ Dew¹/TM3, Ser¹

ru¹ hry¹ st¹ ry⁵⁰⁶ e¹

Kyoto

106944

ru¹ klar¹

107762

Df(3L)Scf-R11, ru¹/TM3, Sb¹

105729

ru¹ hry¹ st¹ ry⁵⁰⁶ e¹

103316

In(3LR)DcxF, ru¹ hry¹ D¹ / Dr^Tri

More stocks available...

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

Sturtevant, 14th Feb. 1919.

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (3)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

rho-3¹

(Frankfort and Mardon, 2004)

(Krivshenko, 1958)

ru¹

(Duan et al., 2018, Kavaler et al., 2018, Newcomb et al., 2018, Nagel et al., 2016, Shimamura et al., 2014, Steinhauer et al., 2013, Yu et al., 2010, Birkholz et al., 2009, Jiang and Edgar, 2009, Brown et al., 2006, Charroux et al., 2006, Parker, 2006, Schlesinger et al., 2004)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (26)

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