eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
Ectopic expression of RhebScer\UAS.cSa under the Scer\GAL4elav-C155 driver increases the number of neuromuscular junction boutons in third instar larvae compared to controls.
Expression of RhebScer\UAS.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4GMR.PU greatly increases cell size in the compound eyes of adult flies.
Expression of RhebScer\UAS.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4en.PU results in an increase in the size of the posterior compartment of the wing relative to the anterior compartment.
Young flies expressing RhebScer\UAS.cSa in the eye under the control of Scer\GAL4GMR.PU exhibit normal eye morphology, although the ommatidium size is much larger than in controls. However, these flies undergo an age-dependent loss of photoreceptor cells when cultured on a 12-h light/12-h dark cycle. Flies cultured in continuous darkness lose photoreceptor cells more slowly than those exposed to light, indicating that photoreceptor degeneration in RhebScer\UAS.cSa-overexpressing eyes is dependent on phototransduction.
The eyes of Scer\GAL4GMR.PF driven RhebScer\UAS.cSa flies are similar in size to controls and have normal retinal morphology when the flies are young. However, few R1-R6 rhabdomeres are detected in light-exposed 30-day old flies, although R7 rhabdomeres are generally present.
Flies expressing RhebScer\UAS.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4GMR.PF lose major photoreceptor neurons after 30 days of light/dark culture.
Expression of RhebScer\UAS.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4en-e16E increases nucleolar size, which is an index of ribosome biogenesis.
Expression of RhebScer\UAS.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 results in a 15% increased in the distance between wing veins L3 and L4 compared to controls.
RhebScer\UAS.cSa; Scer\GAL4GMR.PF flies have highly enlarged eyes. The wings of RhebScer\UAS.cSa; Scer\GAL4en-e16E flies have an enlarged posterior compartment (22% expansion; P < 0.0002), with minimal disruption of patterning. Wing hair density in the posterior compartment is decreased to 0.74 of wild-type, corresponding to a 34% increase in adult wing cell area (P > 0.0004). Analysis of cell size by forward scatter analysis of dissociated wing disc cells of the genotype RhebScer\UAS.cSa; Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP, shows an increase of up to 65% in mean FSC compared to wild-type. The fraction of these cells in G1 is reduced from 43% to 16% compared to wild-type. The doubling time of these cells is only slightly reduced compared to wild-type (13.7 hours vs 13.9 hours for controls). (All of the above data comes from Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP clones induced 88 hours after egg laying, and harvested/analysed as third instar larvae). In RhebScer\UAS.cSa animals, somatic clones of Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP cells in the gut, proventriculus and fat body. Such clones induced in fat body prior to endoreplication encompass approximately 2.5 times the area of control cells (P < 0.02) and contain, on average, 64% more DNA (P<0.007) when assayed in wandering, fed L3 larvae. In second instar larvae starved for 72 hours, these clone cells continue to grow, whereas surrounding wild-type cells do not.
RhebScer\UAS.cSa ; Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP clones in the wing imaginal disc attain a significantly larger size than surrounding wild-type cells. This enlargement is caused by a significant increase in cell size (a 48% increase in area covered per cell). Observation of mosaic ommatidia shows that this phenotype is cell autonomous. In contrast, the cell doubling time remains unchanged in these cells compared to control cells (10.5 h versus 10.8 h). The increase in clonal area 40 hours after induction is caused by larger cells (n = 20, P = 0.00002), whereas the number of cells is not significantly altered (P = 0.087). RhebScer\UAS.cSa ; Scer\GAL4GMR.PF animals have enlarged but fully differentiated photoreceptor cells (rhabdomere size is increased by 66%). Under normal nutrient availability, RhebScer\UAS.cSa ; Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP clone cells in the salivary gland and fat body display only a mild size increase. In larvae starved for amino acids, RhebScer\UAS.cSa ; Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP clone cells in the salivary glands display a several fold increase in size and contain much more DNA than non-expressing neighbouring cells, but they do not reach normal size and ploidy. However, RhebScer\UAS.cSa ; Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP clone cells in the fat body cells of these larvae display a complete reversion the starvation phenotype: the size, DNA content, and appearance (amount of vesicles) of these cells are indistinguishable from non-starved cells.
RhebUAS.cSa has abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible by wnd[+]/wnd3
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU has increased cell death phenotype, suppressible by Atg1ninaE.Tag:MYC
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP has abnormal mitotic cell cycle phenotype, suppressible by Dpa1/Dpa2
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU has visible phenotype, non-suppressible by Lst81
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4en.PU has visible phenotype, non-suppressible by Lst81
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU, mTorUAS.cWa, raptorUAS.cWa has visible phenotype, non-suppressible by Lst8UAS.cWa, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU, mTorUAS.cWa, raptorUAS.cWa has visible phenotype, non-suppressible by Lst81
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4en.PU, mTorUAS.cWa, raptorUAS.cWa has visible phenotype, non-suppressible by Lst8UAS.cWa, Scer\GAL4en.PU
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4en.PU, mTorUAS.cWa, raptorUAS.cWa has visible phenotype, non-suppressible by Lst81
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU has increased cell size phenotype, non-suppressible by Lst81
Scer\GAL4arm.PU/RhebUAS.cSa is a non-suppressor of decreased body size | third instar larval stage phenotype of Tcs3e01173
Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL/RhebUAS.cSa is a non-suppressor of abnormal mitotic cell cycle | somatic clone phenotype of mTorΔP
Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL/RhebUAS.cSa is a non-suppressor of decreased cell size | somatic clone phenotype of mTorΔP
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU, mTorUAS.cWa, raptorUAS.cWa has visible phenotype
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4en.PU, mTorUAS.cWa, raptorUAS.cWa has visible phenotype
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4elav-C155 has embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible by wnd[+]/wnd3
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4elav-C155 has NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible by wnd[+]/wnd3
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP has mitotic cell cycle phenotype, suppressible by Dpa1/Dpa2
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4GMR.PF has eye phenotype, suppressible | partially by S6kl-1/S6kl-1
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU, mTorUAS.cWa, raptorUAS.cWa has eye phenotype, non-suppressible by Lst8UAS.cWa, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU, mTorUAS.cWa, raptorUAS.cWa has eye phenotype, non-suppressible by Lst81
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU, mTorUAS.cWa, raptorUAS.cWa has ommatidium phenotype, non-suppressible by Lst8UAS.cWa, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU, mTorUAS.cWa, raptorUAS.cWa has ommatidium phenotype, non-suppressible by Lst81
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU has eye phenotype, non-suppressible by Lst81
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4GMR.PF is a suppressor | partially of eye phenotype of Scer\GAL4GMR.PF, Tsc1UAS.cPa, gigUAS.cTa
raptorUAS.cWa, mTorUAS.cWa, RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4en.PU is a non-suppressor of wing blade posterior compartment phenotype of Lst8UAS.cWa, Scer\GAL4en.PU
Scer\GAL4en.PU/RhebUAS.cSa is a non-suppressor of wing blade posterior compartment phenotype of Lst81
Scer\GAL4en.PU, raptorUAS.cWa, mTorUAS.cWa, RhebUAS.cSa is a non-suppressor of wing blade posterior compartment phenotype of Lst81
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU, mTorUAS.cWa, raptorUAS.cWa has eye phenotype
RhebUAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4GMR.PU, mTorUAS.cWa, raptorUAS.cWa has ommatidium phenotype
The increased number of neuromuscular junction boutons in third instar larvae expressing RhebScer\UAS.cSa under the Scer\GAL4elav-C155 driver is significantly suppressed by combination with wnd3/+.
Lst81 does not suppress the increased cell size seen in the eyes of flies expressing RhebScer\UAS.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4GMR.PU.
Lst81 des not suppress the overgrowth of the posterior compartment of the wing relative to the anterior compartment which is seen in flies expressing RhebScer\UAS.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4en.PU.
Flies co-expressing TorScer\UAS.cWa, raptorScer\UAS.cWa and RhebScer\UAS.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4GMR.PU completely lack photoreceptor cells in the eye. Evidence of cell death, such as accumulation of prominent vacuoles and highly condensed particles, is seen. This phenotype is still seen if the flies are either also co-expressing Lst8Scer\UAS.cWa or are mutant for Lst81.
Flies co-expressing TorScer\UAS.cWa, raptorScer\UAS.cWa and RhebScer\UAS.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4GMR.PU (using the temperature sensitive Scer\GAL80ts.αTub84B allele to limit expression to 4 hours immediately following pupa formation) show a dramatic increase in ommatidial size compared to controls. This phenotype is still seen if the flies are either also co-expressing Lst8Scer\UAS.cWa or are mutant for Lst81.
Flies co-expressing TorScer\UAS.cWa, raptorScer\UAS.cWa and RhebScer\UAS.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4en.PU (using the temperature sensitive Scer\GAL80ts.αTub84B allele to limit expression to 4 hours immediately following pupa formation) show overgrowth of the posterior compartment of the wing relative to the anterior compartment. This phenotype is still seen if the flies are either also co-expressing Lst8Scer\UAS.cWa or are mutant for Lst81.
Co-expression of Atg1ninaE.T:Hsap\MYC with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF RhebScer\UAS.cSa suppresses the neuronal degeneration found upon expression of RhebScer\UAS.cSa alone.
The distance between wing veins L3 and L4 is smaller than normal in flies co-expressing RhebScer\UAS.cSa and TctpdsRNA.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1, resembling the phenotype seen in flies expressing TctpdsRNA.Scer\UAS alone under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1.
The compensatory elongation of G2 phase seen in cells expressing RhebScer\UAS.cSa driven by Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP is not as pronounced in a Dpa1/Dpa2 background.
Cells expressing RhebScer\UAS.cSa driven by Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP in a Dpa1/Dpa2 background, the compensatory elongation of the G2 phase, is not as pronounced seen in dmScer\UAS.cZa expressing cells.
Eye overgrowth in RhebScer\UAS.cSa; Scer\GAL4GMR.PF animals is not suppressed by S6kl-1/S6kl-1, but ommatidia are smaller and less disorganized than those of RhebScer\UAS.cSa; Scer\GAL4GMR.PF alone, and the resulting eyes have a distinctive puckered appearance. The small size and increase in proportion of cells in G1 seen in cell from TorΔP homozygous wing disc clones, is unafected by the expression of RhebScer\UAS.cSa in the clone cells (driven by Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL when Scer\GAL80αTub84B.PL is removed in the same mitotic recombination event that creates the TorΔP homozygous clone.)
Scer\GAL4hs.PB/RhebUAS.cSa partially rescues RhebPΔ2/RhebPΔ1
With or without heat-shock, RhebScer\UAS.cSa; Scer\GAL4hs.PB partially rescues the growth defect of RhebPΔ1/RhebPΔ2 animals, enabling them to reach the second larval stage before arresting.