FB2024_04 , released June 25, 2024
Human Disease Model Report: spinal muscular atrophy, type III
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General Information
Name
spinal muscular atrophy, type III
FlyBase ID
FBhh0000356
Disease Ontology Term
Parent Disease
Overview

One of several spinal muscular atrophies associated with defects in the human gene SMN1 and/or SMN2. See human disease model report for spinal muscular atrophy, SMN-related (FBhh0000352).

Variants specifically implicated in SMA3 have been tested in flies. Variant(s) implicated in human disease tested (as analogous mutation in fly gene): D20V in the fly Smn gene (corresponds to D44V in the human SMN1 gene, implicated in SMA3); G73R in the fly Smn gene (corresponds to G95R in the human SMN1 gene, implicated in SMA3); Y107C in the fly Smn gene (corresponds to Y130C in the human SMN1 gene, implicated in SMA3); T205I in the fly Smn gene (corresponds to T274I in the human SMN1 gene, implicated in SMA2 and SMA3); G201C in the fly Smn gene (corresponds to G279C in the human SMN1 gene, implicated in SMA2 and SMA3); Y203C in the fly Smn gene (corresponds to Y272C in the human SMN1 gene, implicated in multiple SMA subtypes); G210V in the fly Smn gene (corresponds to G279V in the human SMN1 gene, implicated in multiple SMA subtypes).

[updated Jul. 2017 by FlyBase; FBrf0222196]

Disease Summary Information
Parent Disease Summary: spinal muscular atrophy
Symptoms and phenotype

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is characterized by progressive muscle weakness resulting from degeneration and loss of the anterior horn cells (i.e., lower motor neurons) in the spinal cord and the brain stem nuclei. Onset ranges from before birth to adolescence or young adulthood. Poor weight gain, sleep difficulties, pneumonia, scoliosis, and joint contractures are common complications. [From GeneReviews, Spinal Muscular Atrophy, pubmed:20301526 2016.07.11]

Specific Disease Summary: spinal muscular atrophy, type III
OMIM report

[SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY, TYPE III; SMA3](https://omim.org/entry/253400)

Human gene(s) implicated

[SURVIVAL OF MOTOR NEURON 2; SMN2](https://omim.org/entry/601627)

[SURVIVAL OF MOTOR NEURON 1; SMN1](https://omim.org/entry/600354)

Symptoms and phenotype
Genetics
Cellular phenotype and pathology
Molecular information
External links
Disease synonyms
juvenile muscular atrophy
juvenile spinal muscular atrophy
Kugelberg-Welander disease
Kugelberg-Welander syndrome
KWS
muscular atrophy, juvenile
SMA3
SMA III
spinal muscular atrophy-3
spinal muscular atrophy, familial
spinal muscular atrophy, mild childhood and adolescent form
spinal muscular atrophy, type III, SMA3
spinal muscular atrophy of childhood
Type III Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Ortholog Information
Human gene(s) in FlyBase
Human gene (HGNC)
D. melanogaster ortholog (based on DIOPT)
Comments on ortholog(s)

Many to one: 2 human to 1 Drosophila.

Other mammalian ortholog(s) used
    D. melanogaster Gene Information (1)
    Gene Snapshot
    survival motor neuron (Smn) encodes the eponymous member of the SMN complex, which functions as an assembly chaperone for Sm-class small nuclear ribonucleoproteins. The SMN complex contains three other 'Gemin' proteins encoded by Gem2, Gem3 and rig. Smn is essential for viability but higher levels of the protein are required for proper neuromuscular development and function. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
    Gene Groups / Pathways
    Comments on ortholog(s)

    Ortholog of human SMN and SMN2 (1 Drosophila to 1 human). Dmel\Smn shares 26% identity and 42% similarity with human SMN1 and 26% identity and 42% similarity with human SMN2.

    Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC
    DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans
    Other Genes Used: Viral, Bacterial, Synthetic (0)
      Summary of Physical Interactions (30 groups)
      protein-protein
      Interacting group
      Assay
      References
      two hybrid, cosedimentation, confirmation by molecular weight, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, pull down
      experimental knowledge based
      experimental knowledge based
      experimental knowledge based
      experimental knowledge based
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry, western blot
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
      two hybrid, x-ray crystallography, electron tomography, experimental knowledge based, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, molecular sieving, molecular weight estimation by staining, cosedimentation, confirmation by molecular weight, light scattering, Identification by mass spectrometry, x ray scattering, western blot
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, two hybrid, Identification by mass spectrometry, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, experimental knowledge based, pull down
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, western blot, Identification by mass spectrometry
      x-ray crystallography, electron tomography
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
      experimental knowledge based
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, two hybrid, pull down, autoradiography
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, Identification by mass spectrometry
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, Identification by mass spectrometry, western blot
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, western blot, Identification by mass spectrometry
      molecular sieving, molecular weight estimation by staining
      molecular sieving, molecular weight estimation by staining
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry, western blot
      molecular sieving, molecular weight estimation by staining
      molecular sieving, molecular weight estimation by staining
      molecular sieving, molecular weight estimation by staining
      anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
      experimental knowledge based
      anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
      Alleles Reported to Model Human Disease (Disease Ontology) (43 alleles)
      Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 39 )
      Allele
      Disease
      Evidence
      References
      Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 10 )
      Allele
      Disease
      Interaction
      References
      is exacerbated by ASPPd05779
      is ameliorated by Atf6c05057
      is exacerbated by Eip75Bd09801
      is exacerbated by Mad12
      is ameliorated by Moee02369
      is exacerbated by SKd03336
      is exacerbated by btlf02864
      is ameliorated by ctpf02345
      is ameliorated by mlte00818
      is exacerbated by netf04249
      is exacerbated by sprid05295
      is exacerbated by witUAS.cMa
      is exacerbated by witd02492
      Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
      Genetic Tools, Stocks and Reagents
      Sources of Stocks
      Contact lab of origin for a reagent not available from a public stock center.
      Bloomington Stock Center Disease Page
      Related mammalian, viral, bacterial, or synthetic transgenes
      Allele
      Transgene
      Publicly Available Stocks
      Selected Drosophila transgenes
      Allele
      Transgene
      Publicly Available Stocks
      RNAi constructs available
      Allele
      Transgene
      Publicly Available Stocks
      Selected Drosophila classical alleles
      Allele
      Allele class
      Mutagen
      Publicly Available Stocks
      amorphic allele - molecular evidence
      CRISPR/Cas9
      amorphic allele - genetic evidence
      piggyBac activity
      amorphic allele - molecular evidence
      amorphic allele - genetic evidence
      ethyl methanesulfonate
      amorphic allele - genetic evidence
      amorphic allele - molecular evidence
      P-element activity
      P-element activity
      P-element activity
      References (6)