Comment: Expression was strong in 3-5 neurons at ZT23.
Comment: Staining only seen in 5% of brain hemispheres studied.
Expression is first seen in 4-5hr old first instar larvae at ZT0, though DN2 neurons stain most readily at ZT12. During the first 40% (prepupal to pupal stage) of pupal development, expression is seen only in the 4-5 LNs, and generally not in the DNs except for a single weakly labeled cell near the region of the DN2 in 1 of 16 examined hemispheres at ZT0. At approximately 50% pupal development (pharate adult stage), expression begins in DN1s, DN2s and the l-LNvs. At approximately 60% of pupal development, expression begins in the LNd and the DN3 neurons. Apart from DN2s and DN3s, all pupal cells expressing perBG.T:EcollacZ show cycling of the LacZ staining with a phase similar to the larval neurons. Peak expression in the larval LNs and DN1s is at ZT23, and a trough at ZT6-12. Peak expression in the larval DN2s is at approximately ZT12 and a trough at ZT0.
per01; perBG.T:Ecol\lacZ flies are arrhythmic, perBG.T:Ecol\lacZ is unable to provide substantial per gene biological activity.
The phase of the evening activity peak of flies carrying perBG.T:Ecol\lacZ in a per+ background is significantly different to that of wild-type controls, being earlier, when flies are kept under 12 hour light/12 hour dark cycling conditions. The free-running locomotor activity periods of flies carrying perBG.T:Ecol\lacZ kept under DD conditions are significantly shorter than wild-type controls, and only 70-80% of the flies are rhythmic under these conditions.
perBG.lacZ fails to rescue per01