FB2024_03 , released June 25, 2024
Gene: Dmel\su(wa)
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\su(wa)
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
suppressor of white-apricot
Annotation Symbol
CG3019
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0003638
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Gene Summary
Regulator of pre-mRNA splicing (and, possibly, of other RNA processing events). Regulates its own expression at the level of RNA processing. (UniProt, P12297)
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
Also Known As

su(wa), EG:BACR7A4.10 , su(w)

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
1-0.1
RefSeq locus
NC_004354 REGION:1012779..1046040
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (3 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables RNA binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000061, InterPro:IPR035967
Biological Process (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000322792
involved_in RNA processing
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000061, InterPro:IPR035967
Cellular Component (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Summaries
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Regulator of pre-mRNA splicing (and, possibly, of other RNA processing events). Regulates its own expression at the level of RNA processing.
(UniProt, P12297)
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
su(wa): suppressor of apricot
Produces a darker, brownish eye color in wa flies. Suppresses wa, waM, wa59k1, and wa59k9 but not wa2, wa3, wa4, waR84h, ws10 or any other w allele tested by Green (1959, Heredity 13: 303-15). Enhances wa60a5 and wM. Seems to act on wa by promoting transcription through the copia element that is inserted into the second intron in the same orientation as that of w; the level of a read-through transcript is elevated in su(wa) wa compared to wa. su(wa) is without effect on the phenotype of whd81b11, which has copia inserted at another position and in the opposite direction (Zachar et al., 1985). su(wa) also enhances the expression of a subset of alleles with gypsy inserts that are also enhanced by su(s) and suppressed by su(f) and e(we); it also enhances lz34 and lzk (Rutledge et al.).
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
7
Number of Unique Polypeptides
6

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\su(wa) for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry P12297)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model includes transcripts that have been shown to be non-coding isoforms (FBrf0076530, FBrf0046125).

Gene model reviewed during 5.48

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Possible mutation in sequenced strain: 412 transposon in first intron may be spliced out with the use of conserved splice junctions that are present at the site of insertion, or may cause a mutation in this strain.

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Gene model reviewed during 6.01

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0070176
3199
963
FBtr0070177
4056
176
FBtr0070178
4836
176
FBtr0302884
4288
748
FBtr0305651
3478
217
FBtr0305652
3609
186
FBtr0336687
3355
160
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

5.2, 4.4, 3.5 (northern blot)

Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0070171
106.1
963
8.88
FBpp0089322
19.1
176
8.61
FBpp0089323
19.1
176
8.61
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

176 aa isoforms: su(wa)-PB, su(wa)-PC
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

1042, 964 (aa)

Comments
External Data
Domain

RS domain directs localization of proteins to the speckled subnuclear compartment and the purpose of this localization is to allow colocalization and co-concentration of components of the splicing and splicing regulatory machinery to permit relatively high rates and/or efficiencies of reaction and interaction.

(UniProt, P12297)
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\su(wa) using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.51

Transcript Expression
No Assay Recorded
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference

Comment: reference states >3 hr AEL

northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference

Comment: reference states 0-3 hr AEL

Comment: reference states >3 hr AEL

Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\su(wa) in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 37 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 26 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of su(wa)
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of su(wa)
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 34 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 34 )
Inferred from location ( 0 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (1)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (1)
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (1)
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (2)
7 of 13
Yes
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (1)
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
11 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (1)
10 of 13
Yes
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:su(wa). Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (1)
2 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
    Show/hide secondary interactors 
    (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
    Select Layout:
    Legend:
    Protein
    RNA
    Selected Interactor(s)
    Other Interaction Browsers

    Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
    protein-protein
    Physical Interaction
    Assay
    References
    RNA-protein
    Physical Interaction
    Assay
    References
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Show/hide secondary interactors 
    (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
    esyN Network Key:
    Suppression
    Enhancement
    Other Interaction Browsers

    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    enhanceable
    External Data
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    External Data
    Linkouts
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    X
    Recombination map
    1-0.1
    Cytogenetic map
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    1E1-1E1
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP1600&P{EP}EP1498 and P{EP}EP1615&P{EP}EP964
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    1D-1E
    (determined by in situ hybridisation)
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (23)
    Genomic Clones (30)
    cDNA Clones (25)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      RNAi and Array Information
      Linkouts
      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
      Antibody Information
      Laboratory Generated Antibodies
       
      Commercially Available Antibodies
       
      Cell Line Information
      Publicly Available Cell Lines
       
        Other Stable Cell Lines
         
          Other Comments

          Duplicate transcripts identified and eliminated during the migration of annotations from the release 5 genome assembly to the release 6 assembly.

          Suppressor does not have any effect on expression of the copia insertion mutant AdhRI-42.

          su(wa) has the effect of a two fold increase in the mutant hh gene product at 25oC, and less of an effect at 18oC. This effect on hh mutations is comparable in magnitude to its effect on the splicing of the w gene in wa mutant flies.

          Mutations at the su(f) and su(wa) modify the wa phenotype. Effects were determined in pairwise combinations and found to be additive or epistatic.

          Mutant allele of su(wa) exert no effects on wild type expression of Adh. Results suggest that loss of function results in partial suppression of the qualitative aspect of the AdhRI-42 phenotype.

          su(wa) also enhances the expression of a subset of alleles with gypsy inserts that are also enhanced by su(s) and suppressed by su(f) and e(we); it also enhances lz34 and lzK.

          Expression of su(wa) is controlled at the level of splicing, this post-transcriptional regulation constitutes autoregulation.

          Control of su(wa) is controlled at the level of splicing and this control represents autorepression of su(wa) expression.

          Enhances wa60a5 and wM. Seems to act on wa by promoting transcription through the copia element that is inserted into the second intron in the same orientation as that of w; the level of a read-through transcript is elevated in su(wa) wa compared to wa. su(wa) is without effect on the phenotype of whd81b11, which has copia inserted at another position and in the opposite direction.

          No bona fide amorphic alleles reported; however, Df(1)sta, which is deficient for su(wa) survives.

          Produces a darker, brownish eye color in wa flies. Suppresses wa, waM, wa59k1 and wa59k9 but not wa2, wa3, wa4, waR84h, ws10 or any other w allele.

          Relationship to Other Genes
          Source for database merge of
          Additional comments
          Nomenclature History
          Source for database identify of
          Nomenclature comments
          Etymology
          Synonyms and Secondary IDs (14)
          Datasets (0)
          Study focus (0)
          Experimental Role
          Project
          Project Type
          Title
          Study result (0)
          Result
          Result Type
          Title
          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 67 )
          Sequence Crossreferences
          NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
          GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
          GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
          RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
          UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
          UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          Other crossreferences
          AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
          DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
          EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
          FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
          FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
          KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
          MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
          Linkouts
          BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
          Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
          FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
          FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
          Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
          iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
          MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          References (131)