FB2024_02 , released April 23, 2024
Gene: Dmel\dsx-c73A
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\dsx-c73A
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
doublesex cognate 73A
Annotation Symbol
CG32159
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0261799
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
15 publicly available
Gene Summary
doublesex cognate 73A (dsx-c73A) encodes a secreted cuticle protein present in the epidermis, salivary duct and trachea. The epidermal expression is under the control of the product of ovo. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

dsc73

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
72F1-73A1
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-44
RefSeq locus
NT_037436 REGION:16422795..16451958
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (8 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables structural constituent of chitin-based cuticle
inferred by curator from GO:0040003,GO:0062129
(Andrew and Baker, 2008)
enables structural constituent of nuclear pore
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001052033
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Biological Process (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in chitin-based cuticle development
inferred from expression pattern
(Andrew and Baker, 2008)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in mRNA export from nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001052033
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in regulation of mitotic spindle assembly
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000431177
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in chitin-based extracellular matrix
inferred from direct assay
(Andrew and Baker, 2008)
located_in perivitelline space
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Lye et al., 2014)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of nuclear pore
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001052033
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
    -
    Summaries
    Gene Snapshot
    doublesex cognate 73A (dsx-c73A) encodes a secreted cuticle protein present in the epidermis, salivary duct and trachea. The epidermal expression is under the control of the product of ovo. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
    Gene Group (FlyBase)
    UNCLASSIFIED CUTICLE PROTEINS -
    This group comprises cuticle proteins that fall outside the major families of cuticle proteins. Typically, they are small peptides of low complexity with repeated sequences. (Adapted from PMID:7711748, PMID:19280704, PMID:2017128.)
    Gene Model and Products
    Number of Transcripts
    1
    Number of Unique Polypeptides
    1

    Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\dsx-c73A for information on other features

    To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

    Protein Domains (via Pfam)
    Isoform displayed:
    Pfam protein domains
    InterPro name
    classification
    start
    end
    Protein Domains (via SMART)
    Isoform displayed:
    SMART protein domains
    InterPro name
    classification
    start
    end
    Structure
    Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VV62)

    If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
    Model Confidence:
    • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
    • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
    • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
    • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

    AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

    Experimentally Determined Structures
    Crossreferences
    Comments on Gene Model

    Gene model reviewed during 5.45

    Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
    gene
    nuclear_gene
    protein_coding_gene
    Transcript Data
    Annotated Transcripts
    Name
    FlyBase ID
    RefSeq ID
    Length (nt)
    Assoc. CDS (aa)
    dsx-c73A-RB
    FBtr0075409
    NM_168667
    3496
    852
    Additional Transcript Data and Comments
    Reported size (kB)
    Comments
    External Data
    Crossreferences
    Polypeptide Data
    Annotated Polypeptides
    Name
    FlyBase ID
    Predicted MW (kDa)
    Length (aa)
    Theoretical pI
    UniProt
    RefSeq ID
    GenBank
    dsx-c73A-PB
    FBpp0075167
    91.7
    852
    5.18
    Q9VV62
    NP_730169
    AAF49460
    Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

    There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

    Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
    Reported size (kDa)
    Comments
    External Data
    Crossreferences
    Linkouts
    Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
    Mapped Features

    Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\dsx-c73A using the Feature Mapper tool.

    External Data
    Crossreferences
    Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
    Linkouts
    Expression Data
    Testis-specificity index

    The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

    -0.18

    Transcript Expression
    in situ
    Stage
    Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
    Reference
    embryonic stage 11 -- 12
    foregut primordium
    (Fisher et al., 2012)
    hypopharynx proper primordium
    (Fisher et al., 2012)
    posterior spiracle primordium

    Comment: reported as posterior spiracle specific anlage

    (Fisher et al., 2012)
    embryonic stage 12
    embryonic/larval posterior spiracle
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    embryonic stage 13
    head | restricted
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    embryonic stage 13 -- 16
    larval foregut atrium
    (Fisher et al., 2012)
    dorsal imaginal tissue
    (Fisher et al., 2012)
    embryonic dorsal epidermis
    (Fisher et al., 2012)
    embryonic epipharynx
    (Fisher et al., 2012)
    embryonic foregut
    (Fisher et al., 2012)
    embryonic hindgut
    (Fisher et al., 2012)
    embryonic hypopharynx
    (Fisher et al., 2012)
    embryonic Malpighian tubule tip cell
    (Fisher et al., 2012)
    embryonic rectum
    (Fisher et al., 2012)
    embryonic ventral epidermis
    (Fisher et al., 2012)
    embryonic/larval posterior spiracle
    (Fisher et al., 2012)
    embryonic stage 13 -- 17
    embryonic/larval epidermis

    Comment: epidermal cells that secrete denticles and hairs

    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    embryonic stage 15 -- 17
    embryonic/larval pharynx
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    larval foregut atrium
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    embryonic/larval esophagus
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    embryonic/larval anterior midgut
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    embryonic/larval salivary gland duct
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    embryonic/larval tracheal dorsal trunk
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    embryonic/larval central nervous system | subset
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    embryonic/larval hindgut
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    denticle
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    larval dorsal hair
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    lateral Kolbchen lbd
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    Kolbchen
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    Additional Descriptive Data

    dsx-c73A transcripts are first detected at stage 12 in posterior spiracle precursors. At stage 13 transcripts are also observed in epidermal patches and in domains in the head region. At stage 15, expression is abundant in the epidermis and is in the pharynx, atrium, esophagus, anterior midgut, salivary gland duct, dorsal trunk, and hindgut and persists through the end of embryogenesis. Expression is robust in epidermal cells that form the denticles and hairs and in the ventral and lateral black dots.

    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    Marker for
     
    Subcellular Localization
    CV Term
    Polypeptide Expression
    immunolocalization
    Stage
    Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
    Reference
    embryonic stage 12
    embryonic/larval posterior spiracle
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    embryonic stage 13 -- 17
    embryonic/larval epidermis

    Comment: epidermal cells that secrete denticles and hairs

    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    embryonic stage 15
    denticle field primordium
    (Abrams and Andrew, 2005)
    embryonic stage 15 -- 17
    embryonic/larval pharynx
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    larval foregut atrium
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    embryonic/larval esophagus
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    embryonic/larval salivary gland duct
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    embryonic/larval tracheal dorsal trunk
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    embryonic/larval central nervous system | subset
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    embryonic/larval hindgut
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    denticle
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    larval dorsal hair
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    Additional Descriptive Data

    dsx-c73A protein levels are high in posterior spiracles, hindgut, pharynx, atrium, esophagus, and epidermal cells that secrete denticles and hairs. Lower levels are detected in salivary gland duct, tracheal dorsal trunk, and a subset of central nervous system neurons.

    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    Marker for
     
    denticle field primordium
    (Abrams and Andrew, 2005)
    Subcellular Localization
    CV Term
    Evidence
    References
    located_in chitin-based extracellular matrix
    inferred from direct assay
    (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
    located_in perivitelline space
    inferred from high throughput direct assay
    (Lye et al., 2014)
    Expression Deduced from Reporters
    Reporter: PBac{768.FSVS-0}dsx-c73ACPTI003606
    Stage
    Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
    Reference
    adult stage
    adult brain cell body rind
    (Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)
    High-Throughput Expression Data
    Associated Tools

    JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

    View Dmel\dsx-c73A in JBrowse
    RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
    Bulk Downloads
    RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
    Reference
    See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
    Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
    Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
    External Data and Images
    Linkouts
    BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
    DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
    EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
    FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
    FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
    Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
    Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
    Images
    FlyBase Wiki
    Image Based Resources
    Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
    Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 14 )
    For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
     
    Other relevant insertions
    Transgenic Constructs ( 4 )
    For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
    Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of dsx-c73A
    Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of dsx-c73A
    Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 4 )
    Variants
    Variant Molecular Consequences
    Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
    Phenotypes
    Orthologs
    Downloads
    Download All DIOPT Orthologs
    Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
    Species\Gene Symbol
    Score
    Best Score
    Best Reverse Score
    Source
    Compara
    Domainoid
    eggNOG
    Hieranoid
    Homologene
    Inparanoid
    OMA
    OrthoDB
    OrthoFinder
    OrthoInspector
    orthoMCL
    Panther
    Phylome
    SonicParanoid
    Alignment
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Homo sapiens (Human) (0)
    Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
    Species\Gene Symbol
    Score
    Best Score
    Best Reverse Score
    Source
    Compara
    Domainoid
    eggNOG
    Hieranoid
    Homologene
    Inparanoid
    OMA
    OrthoDB
    OrthoFinder
    OrthoInspector
    orthoMCL
    Panther
    Phylome
    SonicParanoid
    Alignment
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (0)
    Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)
    Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)
    Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (0)
    Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
    Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
    Agam\AgaP_AGAP013545
    4 of 12
    Yes
    Yes
    Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
    Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
    Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
    Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
    Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
    Data provided directly from OrthoDB:dsx-c73A. Refer to their site for version information.
    Paralogs
    Downloads
    Download All DIOPT Paralogs
    Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
    Human Disease Associations
    FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
      Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
      Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
      Allele
      Disease
      Evidence
      References
      Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
      Human Ortholog
      Disease
      Evidence
      References
      Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
      Allele
      Disease
      Interaction
      References
      Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
      Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
      Homo sapiens (Human)
      Gene name
      Score
      OMIM
      OMIM Phenotype
      DO term
      Complementation?
      Transgene?
      Functional Complementation Data
      Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
      Interactions
      Summary of Physical Interactions
      esyN Network Diagram
      Interactions Browser
      MIST Molecular Interaction Search Tool
      Summary of Genetic Interactions
      esyN Network Diagram
      Show/hide secondary interactors 
      (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
      esyN Network Key:
      Suppression
      Enhancement
      View in Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
      Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
      Starting gene(s)
      Interaction type
      Interacting gene(s)
      Reference
      Starting gene(s)
      Interaction type
      Interacting gene(s)
      Reference
      Dys
      suppressible
      dsx-c73A
      (Kucherenko et al., 2008)
      External Data
      Linkouts
      DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
      Pathways
      Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
      Metabolic Pathways
      External Data
      Linkouts
      Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
      Chromosome (arm)
      3L
      Recombination map
      3-44
      Cytogenetic map
      72F1-73A1
      Sequence location
      FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
      Cytogenetic map
      Evidence for location
      72F1-73A1
      Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(3)s3123s3123 and P{lacW}l(3)j10E8j10E8&P{PZ}l(3)1053210532
      Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
      Cytogenetic map
      Notes
      References
      73A1-73A2
      (determined by in situ hybridisation)
      (Spradling et al., 1999)
      73A3-73A4
      (determined by in situ hybridisation)
      (Andrew and Baker, 1990)
      73A1-73A2
      (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
      Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
      Location

      3-44

      (FlyBase, 2016)

      3-39.0

      (Comeron et al., 2012)

      3-[44]

      Left of (cM)
      Right of (cM)
      Notes
      Stocks and Reagents
      Stocks (15)
      Genomic Clones (23)
      cDNA Clones (131)
       

      Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

      cDNA clones, fully sequenced
      BDGP DGC clones
      Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      BDGP DGC clones
      Other clones
      RNAi and Array Information
      Linkouts
      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
      Antibody Information
      Laboratory Generated Antibodies
       

      polyclonal

      (Andrew and Baker, 2008, Abrams and Andrew, 2005)
      Commercially Available Antibodies
       
      Cell Line Information
      Publicly Available Cell Lines
       
        Other Stable Cell Lines
         
          Other Comments

          Uncharacterized sequence cloned by hybridization with dsx clone.

          (Andrew et al., 1997, Andrew and Baker, 1990)
          Relationship to Other Genes
          Source for database merge of

          Source for merge of: dsx-c73A CG32159 l(3)j10E8

          (Andrew and Baker, 2008)

          Source for merge of: CG13034 CG4541

          (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)
          Additional comments

          Annotations CG13034 and CG4541 merged as CG32159 in release 3 of the genome annotation.

          (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)
          Nomenclature History
          Source for database identify of
          Nomenclature comments
          Etymology
          Synonyms and Secondary IDs (13)
          Reported As
          Symbol Synonym
          CG13034
          (Horne et al., 2009)
          CG32159
          (Duff et al., 2015, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Lebo et al., 2009, Andrew and Baker, 2008)
          CG4541
          DSC73
          (Abrams and Andrew, 2005, Andrew et al., 1997)
          doublesex cognate 73A
          (Jin et al., 2016)
          dsc73
          (Gangishetti et al., 2012, Andrew and Baker, 2008, Andrew et al., 2000)
          dsx-c73
          (Andrew and Baker, 1990)
          dsx-c73A
          (Pignataro et al., 2024, Jin et al., 2016, Duff et al., 2015, Gene Disruption Project members, 2015-)
          dsx-c73a
          (McKinney et al., 2021)
          dsxc73A
          (Palu et al., 2022)
          l(3)j10E8
          Name Synonyms
          Drosophila secreted cuticle protein 73
          (Andrew and Baker, 2008)
          doublesex cognate 73A
          lethal (3) j10E8
          Secondary FlyBase IDs
          • FBgn0010368
          • FBgn0052159
          • FBgn0036632
          • FBgn0036633
          • FBgn0011429
          Datasets (0)
          Study focus (0)
          Experimental Role
          Project
          Project Type
          Title
          Study result (0)
          Result
          Result Type
          Title
          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 31 )
          Sequence Crossreferences
          NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
          GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
          GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
          RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
          UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
          UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          Other crossreferences
          AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
          BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
          DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
          EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
          FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
          KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
          MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
          Linkouts
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
          Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
          FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
          FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
          Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
          iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
          References (48)