FB2024_03 , released April 23, 2024
Gene: Dmel\mdy
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\mdy
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
midway
Annotation Symbol
CG31991
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0004797
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Enzyme Name (EC)
diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase (2.3.1.20)
Gene Summary
midway (mdy) encodes an acyl coenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase that functions in the formation of triglycerides. Lack of mdy leads to female sterility and impaired fat metabolism in larvae and adults. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

DGAT1, DGAT

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-53
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:16816660..16826964
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (6 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000045226
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR027251
Biological Process (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from direct assay
involved_in oogenesis
inferred from high throughput mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000045226
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR027251
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000045225
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase activity
a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + an acyl-CoA = a triacyl-sn-glycerol + CoA (2.3.1.20)
RHEA 10868:
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
midway (mdy) encodes an acyl coenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase that functions in the formation of triglycerides. Lack of mdy leads to female sterility and impaired fat metabolism in larvae and adults. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
DIACYLGLYCEROL O-ACYLTRANSFERASES -
Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferases (DGATs) catalyze the final and only dedicated step in triacylglycerol biosynthesis, converting diacylglycerol into triacylglycerol. DGATs fall into two distinct families. In D. melanogaster, the DGAT1 family is represented by a single member (mdy), whereas the DGAT2 (or DAGAT) family comprises 3 members encoded in a tandem array. (Adapted from FBrf0218870.)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
4
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\mdy for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q960U8)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Gene model reviewed during 6.02

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0080915
2090
565
FBtr0080916
2017
565
FBtr0080917
2337
565
FBtr0347182
2309
565
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0080472
64.9
565
9.66
FBpp0080473
64.9
565
9.66
FBpp0080474
64.9
565
9.66
FBpp0312493
64.9
565
9.66
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

565 aa isoforms: mdy-PA, mdy-PB, mdy-PC, mdy-PE
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\mdy using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.96

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\mdy in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 1-3
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 16 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 9 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of mdy
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of mdy
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 4 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (4)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (4)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (4)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (6)
8 of 13
Yes
Yes
2 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (5)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (7)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (3)
6 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (5)
12 of 13
Yes
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)
7 of 13
Yes
Yes
7 of 13
Yes
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (2)
6 of 12
Yes
Yes
6 of 12
Yes
Yes
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:mdy. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (1)
5 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Other Interaction Browsers
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Show/hide secondary interactors 
    (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
    esyN Network Key:
    Suppression
    Enhancement
    Other Interaction Browsers

    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Linkouts
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
    Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.
    External Data
    Linkouts
    KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
    Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    2L
    Recombination map
    2-53
    Cytogenetic map
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    36B1-36B2
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Mhck10423&P{lacW}Cask03902 and P{lacW}Aac11k06710
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    36A10-36A10
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (21)
    Genomic Clones (15)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (23)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
     
    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Cell Line Information
    Publicly Available Cell Lines
     
      Other Stable Cell Lines
       
        Other Comments

        Mutant egg chambers contain severely reduced levels of neutral lipids in the germline. In direction of increasing cytology: mdy+ Cas- mdy+

        Egg chambers undergo premature nurse cell actin bundling, nuclear membrane permeabilization, cell death and degeneration in mdy mutant females.

        Mutations at the mdy locus cause defects in midoogenesis.

        Relationship to Other Genes
        Source for database merge of

        Source for merge of: CG17938 CG17937

        Source for merge of: CG17938 CG13273

        Additional comments

        Source for merge of CG17938 CG13273 was a shared cDNA ( date:010720 ).

        Nomenclature History
        Source for database identify of
        Nomenclature comments
        Etymology
        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (15)
        Reported As
        Secondary FlyBase IDs
        • FBgn0032608
        • FBgn0032610
        • FBgn0032611
        • FBgn0051991
        Datasets (0)
        Study focus (0)
        Experimental Role
        Project
        Project Type
        Title
        Study result (0)
        Result
        Result Type
        Title
        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 62 )
        Sequence Crossreferences
        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
        GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
        RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
        UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
        UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        Other crossreferences
        AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
        BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
        DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
        EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
        FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
        FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
        MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
        Linkouts
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
        Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
        Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
        FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
        iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
        KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
        KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
        MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
        Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.
        References (113)