FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\hiw[EMS]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\hiw^EMS

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0118209

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\hiw

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Key Links

Allele class

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

(Wan et al., 2000)

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Disease

Interaction

References

exacerbates tuberous sclerosis

modeled by Tsc1^UAS.cTa, gig^UAS.cTa

(Murthy et al., 2004)

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

abnormal locomotor behavior

(Wan et al., 2000)

abnormal neuroanatomy

(McCabe et al., 2004)

abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage | recessive

(Wan et al., 2000)

abnormal neuroanatomy | somatic clone

(Watts et al., 2003)

abnormal neurophysiology

(Wan et al., 2000)

Phenotype Manifest In

bouton | increased number

(McCabe et al., 2004)

indirect flight muscle motor neuron DLMN4

(Wan et al., 2000)

indirect flight muscle motor neuron MN4 & bouton | ectopic

(Wan et al., 2000)

neuroblast | somatic clone

(Watts et al., 2003)

neuromuscular junction

(McCabe et al., 2004)

NMJ bouton

(Merino et al., 2009)

synapse

(Wan et al., 2000)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

hiw^EMS mutant C4da neuronal clones do not exhibit defects in dendrite pruning or neuronal cell death 18-20 hours after puparium formation.

(Kuo et al., 2006)

The number of boutons per muscle surface area at the neuromuscular junction is increased in homozygotes compared to wild type.

(McCabe et al., 2004)

No defects are seen in axon pruning during metamorphosis, though axon misguidance and branching defects are seen when somatic clones are made in the neuroblast.

(Watts et al., 2003)

In hiw^EMS hemizygous larvae MN4a and MN4b motor terminals are present on muscle 4 and muscle 6/7 but contain many more branches and boutons. The number of boutons per muscle was also at least double that seen in wild-type. Synapses also have a 2-fold increase in synaptic size compared to wild-type (after correction for muscle area). The synapses on muscle 12 in mutants are larger in terms of total length, the length of individual branches and the number of branches per synapse. The increase in bouton number is seen even 30 minutes after hatching. Initial axon pathfinding and pathfinding appears normal. A normal pattern of axon pathways, muscle innervation and specificity of contacts are seen. Bouton ultrastructure appears normal. The mean amplitude of spontaneous miniature junctional potentials (mEJPs) is slightly reduced in hiw^EMS mutants (about 0.65mV as compared to 0.91mV in wild-type). The evoked release is greatly reduced; the mutant shows a 66% decrease compared to wild-type (about 7.75mV versus 1.72mV in wild-type). This indicates a significant reduction in quantal content and thus a reduction in presynaptic function.

(Wan et al., 2000)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

hiw^EMS has abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype, enhanceable by tkv^{Q199D.UAS.Tag:HA}/Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

(McCabe et al., 2004)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

hiw^EMS has abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype, suppressible by Med^C246/Med^C246

(McCabe et al., 2004)

hiw^EMS has abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype, suppressible by wit^HA4

(McCabe et al., 2004)

hiw^EMS has abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype, suppressible by Med^unspecified/Med[+]

(McCabe et al., 2004)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

hiw^EMS is an enhancer of increased cell growth rate phenotype of Atg1^UAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

(Shen and Ganetzky, 2009)

hiw[+]/hiw^EMS is an enhancer of abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype of Atg1^UAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

(Shen and Ganetzky, 2009)

hiw[+]/hiw^EMS is an enhancer of increased cell growth rate phenotype of Atg1^UAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

(Shen and Ganetzky, 2009)

hiw^EMS is an enhancer of abnormal neuroanatomy phenotype of Atg1^UAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

(Shen and Ganetzky, 2009)

Phenotype Manifest In

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

hiw^EMS has bouton | increased number phenotype, enhanceable by tkv^{Q199D.UAS.Tag:HA}/Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

(McCabe et al., 2004)

hiw^EMS has neuromuscular junction phenotype, enhanceable by tkv^{Q199D.UAS.Tag:HA}/Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

(McCabe et al., 2004)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

hiw^EMS has NMJ bouton phenotype, suppressible by Df(3L)pbl-NR/+

(Merino et al., 2009)

hiw^EMS has NMJ bouton phenotype, suppressible by +/Df(3L)Exel6279

(Merino et al., 2009)

hiw^EMS has NMJ bouton phenotype, suppressible by Df(3L)pbl-X1/+

(Merino et al., 2009)

hiw^EMS has bouton | increased number phenotype, suppressible by Med^C246/Med^C246

(McCabe et al., 2004)

hiw^EMS has bouton | increased number phenotype, suppressible by wit^HA4

(McCabe et al., 2004)

hiw^EMS has bouton | increased number phenotype, suppressible by Med^unspecified/Med[+]

(McCabe et al., 2004)

hiw^EMS has neuromuscular junction phenotype, suppressible by Med^C246/Med^C246

(McCabe et al., 2004)

hiw^EMS has neuromuscular junction phenotype, suppressible by wit^HA4

(McCabe et al., 2004)

hiw^EMS has neuromuscular junction phenotype, suppressible by Med^unspecified/Med[+]

(McCabe et al., 2004)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

hiw[+]/hiw^EMS is an enhancer of NMJ bouton phenotype of Atg1^UAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

(Shen and Ganetzky, 2009)

hiw[+]/hiw^EMS is an enhancer of neuromuscular junction phenotype of Atg1^UAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

(Shen and Ganetzky, 2009)

hiw^EMS is an enhancer of NMJ bouton phenotype of Atg1^UAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

(Shen and Ganetzky, 2009)

hiw^EMS is an enhancer of neuromuscular junction phenotype of Atg1^UAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

(Shen and Ganetzky, 2009)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

A hiw^EMS heterozygous or homozygous background significantly enhances the high levels of autophagy and bouton number found upon expression of Atg1^Scer\UAS.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu.

(Shen and Ganetzky, 2009)

One copy of Med^unspecified causes a moderate but significant reduction in the number of boutons per muscle surface area at the neuromuscular junction in hiw^EMS homozygotes. The excessive synaptic bouton phenotype seen at the neuromuscular junction in hiw^EMS homozygotes is strongly suppressed by Med^C246/Med^C246. The boutons in the double mutant synapses are smaller than wild type and appear more similar to those seen in hiw^EMS single mutants. The excessive synaptic bouton phenotype seen at the neuromuscular junction in hiw^EMS homozygotes is strongly suppressed by wit^HA4. In some cases the synaptic span in these double mutants is still slightly larger than wild type. The boutons in the double mutant synapses are smaller than wild type and appear more similar to those seen in hiw^EMS single mutants. Expression of tkv^{Q199D.Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1} under the control of Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu in a hiw^EMS background results in a 30% increase in the number of boutons per muscle surface area at the neuromuscular junction compared to hiw^EMS single mutants.

(McCabe et al., 2004)

The small eye phenotype caused by co-expression of gig^Scer\UAS.cTa and Tsc1^Scer\UAS.cTa under the control of Scer\GAL4^ey.PH is enhanced by hiw^EMS.

(Murthy et al., 2004)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Comments

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (0)

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (2)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

EMS

(Murthy et al., 2004)

hiw^EMS

(Merino et al., 2009, Shen and Ganetzky, 2009, Kuo et al., 2006)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (7)

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