Expression of Fmr1^{dsRNA.500.UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^GH146 (limited to the adult stages using Scer\GAL80^ts.αTub84B) has no effect on the short term habituation (STH) normally seen following exposure to ethyl butyrate (EB), but results in a complete block of long term habituation (LTH) to this odorant. The flies show normal LTH to CO[[2]]. The decrease in EB-evoked calcium responses seen in the DM5 glomeruli of control adults is not observed.

Expression of Fmr1^{dsRNA.500.UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^NP1227 (limited to the adult stages using Scer\GAL80^ts.αTub84B) has no effect on short term habituation (STH) following exposure to either ethyl butyrate (EB) or CO[[2]], but results in a complete block of long term habituation (LTH) to this odorant.

Down-regulation of Fmr1 in the mushroom bodies through expression of Fmr1^{dsRNA.500.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^OK107 or Scer\GAL4^c747 leads to defects in 1-day memory after spaced training, but not after massed training. Notably, there is a decrease in FMRP levels on Kenyon cells, but no β lobe midline crossing. In contrast, knockdown of Fmr1 in the central complex (through Scer\GAL4^Feb170-driven expression) or in the projection neurons from the anntennal lobe (though Scer\GAL4^GH146-driven expression) does not yield defects in 1-d memory after spaced training.

Using Scer\GAL80^ts.αTub84B, along with Scer\GAL4^c747 to drive expression of Fmr1^{dsRNA.500.Scer\UAS} at 30[o]C, a restrictive temperature where Scer\GAL80^ts.αTub84B no longer represses expression, there is a significant defect in 1-d memory after spaced training, but not after massed training, with learning appearing normal. At the permissive temperature (18[o]C), when Scer\GAL80^ts.αTub84B is capable of inhibiting expression, 1-d memory after spaced or massed training is normal. Despite there being a substantial decreased amountof FMRP in Kenyon cells after incubation at a restrictive temeprature (30[o]C), there are no mushroom body midline defects.