FB2024_02 , released April 23, 2024
Gene: Dmel\pnut
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\pnut
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
peanut
Annotation Symbol
CG8705
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0013726
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Gene Summary
peanut (pnut) encodes a protein that belongs to the septin family of polymerizing GTPases. Together with the products of Septin1 and Septin2, it forms the septin complex. It participates in cytokinesis and other processes that involve organization of the cell cortex. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

dSEPT7, septin

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-58
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:8237271..8240297
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (26 terms)
Molecular Function (8 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (7 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from direct assay
enables GTP binding
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9Y103
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q0E908
inferred from direct assay
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:park; FB:FBgn0041100
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables GTP binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR016491, InterPro:IPR030379
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000430171
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000430171
Biological Process (9 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in apoptotic process
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:hid; FB:FBgn0003997
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:rpr; FB:FBgn0011706
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:grim; FB:FBgn0015946
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from direct assay
inferred from mutant phenotype
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in cellularization
traceable author statement
involved_in cilium assembly
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001051477
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000430171
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000430171
Cellular Component (9 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in contractile ring
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
located_in mitochondrion
inferred from high throughput direct assay
located_in plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in cell division site
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000430171
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000430171
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000430171
is_active_in septin ring
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000430171
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. Septin GTPase family. (P40797)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
GTPase activity
RHEA 19669:
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
peanut (pnut) encodes a protein that belongs to the septin family of polymerizing GTPases. Together with the products of Septin1 and Septin2, it forms the septin complex. It participates in cytokinesis and other processes that involve organization of the cell cortex. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
SEPTINS -
Septins are a family of GTPases which can polymerize to form filaments. Septins are involved in a variety of processes including cytokinesis and trafficking. (Adapted from FBrf0216213).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Involved in cytokinesis and possibly cellularization (PubMed:8181057). Also acts as an enhancer of the sina gene, thus having a role in photoreceptor development (PubMed:8181057). May be involved in p53-dependent apoptosis (PubMed:17456438).
(UniProt, P40797)
Summary (Interactive Fly)

member of the septin family of polymerizing GTPases - functions together with Septin 1 and Septin 2 in organizing the cytoskeleton during cytokinesis and septum formation

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\pnut for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry P40797)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.49

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0088793
2445
539
FBtr0088792
3027
539
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

2.5 (northern blot)

Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0087870
60.1
539
9.14
FBpp0087869
60.1
539
9.14
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

539 aa isoforms: pnut-PA, pnut-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

539 (aa); 60 (kD observed); 60 (kD predicted)

Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Likely part of a multicomponent septin complex that includes Septin1 (PubMed:8590810). Interacts with Septin1 (PubMed:8590810). Interacts with hil (PubMed:15818553). Interacts with park (PubMed:17456438).

(UniProt, P40797)
Post Translational Modification

Ubiquitinated by park, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.

(UniProt, P40797)
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records
 
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\pnut using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.67

Transcript Expression
expression microarray
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

pnut protein is detected on the cell surfaces of the embryonic CNS and on the apical membranes of developing photoreceptor cells in the eye imaginal disc.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in contractile ring
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
located_in mitochondrion
inferred from high throughput direct assay
located_in plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\pnut in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 16 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 19 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of pnut
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of pnut
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 10 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
Sterility
Allele
Other Phenotypes
Allele
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
ventral furrow & actin filament | germ-line clone
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (14)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
6 of 14
No
No
6 of 14
No
No
6 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
Yes
4 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (15)
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
6 of 14
No
No
6 of 14
No
No
6 of 14
No
No
6 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (13)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
6 of 14
No
No
6 of 14
No
No
6 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
Yes
4 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (14)
8 of 13
Yes
Yes
5 of 13
No
No
5 of 13
No
No
3 of 13
No
No
3 of 13
No
No
3 of 13
No
Yes
2 of 13
No
Yes
2 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (18)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
12 of 14
No
Yes
12 of 14
No
Yes
6 of 14
No
No
6 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
Yes
4 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (2)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (4)
11 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (2)
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (7)
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
6 of 13
No
No
5 of 13
No
Yes
4 of 13
No
Yes
4 of 13
No
Yes
4 of 13
No
Yes
3 of 13
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (7)
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
6 of 12
No
No
5 of 12
No
No
4 of 12
No
Yes
4 of 12
No
Yes
3 of 12
No
Yes
3 of 12
No
Yes
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:pnut. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (4)
9 of 13
6 of 13
5 of 13
5 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
Allele
Disease
Evidence
References
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
Human Ortholog
Disease
Evidence
References
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Functional Complementation Data
Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
Interactions
Summary of Physical Interactions
esyN Network Diagram
Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
Show/hide secondary interactors 
(data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
Select Layout:
Legend:
Protein
RNA
Selected Interactor(s)
Interactions Browser

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
MIST Molecular Interaction Search Tool

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
protein-protein
Physical Interaction
Assay
References
RNA-RNA
Physical Interaction
Assay
References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
esyN Network Diagram
Show/hide secondary interactors 
(data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
esyN Network Key:
Suppression
Enhancement

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
Likely part of a multicomponent septin complex that includes Septin1 (PubMed:8590810). Interacts with Septin1 (PubMed:8590810). Interacts with hil (PubMed:15818553). Interacts with park (PubMed:17456438).
(UniProt, P40797 )
Linkouts
BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
Pathways
Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
Metabolic Pathways
External Data
Linkouts
Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
Chromosome (arm)
2R
Recombination map
2-58
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Evidence for location
44C2-44C2
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Rs1k09514&P{lacW}l(2)k03110k03110 and P{lacW}Vps25k08904&P{lacW}ptck02507
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Notes
References
44C1-44C2
(determined by in situ hybridisation)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Stocks and Reagents
Stocks (11)
Genomic Clones (20)
cDNA Clones (225)
 

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
RNAi and Array Information
Linkouts
DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
Antibody Information
Laboratory Generated Antibodies
Commercially Available Antibodies
 
Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank - Monoclonal antibodies for use in research
Cell Line Information
Publicly Available Cell Lines
 
    Other Stable Cell Lines
     
    Other Comments

    dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against pnut that is transfected into S2 treated with Listeria monocytogenes reveals pnut to be involved in Listeria monocytogenes intracellular growth, with less intracellular growth observed in pnut-treated cells. pnut also seems to be involved in L.monocytogenes entry.

    dsRNA directed against this gene causes defects in cytokinesis when tested in an RNAi screen in S2 cells.

    During prophase, in nuf-derived embryos, scra and pnut localise to regions of the furrows lacking actin.

    A complex of septin polypeptides is isolated that bind and hydrolyse GTP and form filaments. Their high degree of conservation, ubiquitous expression and proven role in cytokinesis suggests septins are certain to be important players in regulating cell architecture and function. Septins alone can form regular filamentous polymers, since filament formation is likely to be central to their localisation and function.

    Immunolocalisation and biochemical data suggest that Sep1 and pnut probably function as parts of a complex.

    pnut gene product may be required for normal sina activity. Mutations at pnut affect photoreceptor development and cell proliferation or survival as FLP/FRT mediated clones were smaller than the wild type twin spots.

    The pnut locus was identified in a screen for mutations that disrupt eye development, and shows genetic interactions with sina. The pnut gene product is required for cytokinesis in imaginal tissues.

    Relationship to Other Genes
    Source for database merge of
    Additional comments

    The pnut gene may have been derived from the Sep4 gene by retroposition.

    Nomenclature History
    Source for database identify of
    Nomenclature comments
    Etymology
    Synonyms and Secondary IDs (19)
    Reported As
    Symbol Synonym
    E(sina)44C
    anon-EST:Liang-2.18
    l(2)02502
    Secondary FlyBase IDs
    • FBgn0010304
    • FBgn0010515
    Datasets (0)
    Study focus (0)
    Experimental Role
    Project
    Project Type
    Title
    Study result (0)
    Result
    Result Type
    Title
    External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 51 )
    Sequence Crossreferences
    NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
    GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
    GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
    RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
    UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
    UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
    Other crossreferences
    AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
    DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
    EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
    FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
    FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
    KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
    MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank - Monoclonal antibodies for use in research
    Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
    FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
    FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
    Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
    Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
    iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
    Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    References (236)