FB2024_02 , released April 23, 2024
Gene: Dmel\dac
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\dac
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
dachshund
Annotation Symbol
CG4952
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0005677
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
24 publicly available
Gene Summary
dachshund (dac) encodes a transcriptional cofactor that physically interacts with several other retinal determination proteins, including those encoded by eya and so, and regulates eye, leg, gonad, and brain development. [Date last reviewed: 2018-09-13] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

dachsund, dacshund, l(2)36Ae, BG:DS02780.3 , Dach

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
36A1-36A2
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-52
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:16466512..16485998
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (20 terms)
Molecular Function (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9VBW6
(Curtiss et al., 2007)
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9VBW9
(Curtiss et al., 2007)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000286552
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000286552
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Biological Process (15 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (9 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in antennal joint development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Dong et al., 2002)
involved_in axon guidance
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Martini and Davis, 2005)
involved_in compound eye development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Pappu et al., 2005)
involved_in compound eye photoreceptor development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Tavsanli et al., 2004)
involved_in genital disc sexually dimorphic development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Keisman and Baker, 2001)
involved_in mushroom body development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Martini and Davis, 2005, Martini et al., 2000, Noveen et al., 2000)
inferred from expression pattern
(Noveen et al., 2000)
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Abu-Shaar and Mann, 1998)
involved_in neuron differentiation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chotard et al., 2005)
involved_in photoreceptor cell fate specification
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Anderson et al., 2006)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (6 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in DNA-templated transcription
traceable author statement
(Martini et al., 2000)
involved_in genital disc development
traceable author statement
(Sanchez and Guerrero, 2001)
involved_in genital disc morphogenesis
traceable author statement
(Christiansen et al., 2002)
involved_in leg disc proximal/distal pattern formation
traceable author statement
(Mann and Casares, 2002, Milan and Cohen, 2000)
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000286552
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in spermathecum morphogenesis
traceable author statement
(Qazi et al., 2003)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Martini et al., 2000, Mardon et al., 1994)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000286552
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
part_of transcription regulator complex
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000286552
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
dachshund (dac) encodes a transcriptional cofactor that physically interacts with several other retinal determination proteins, including those encoded by eya and so, and regulates eye, leg, gonad, and brain development. [Date last reviewed: 2018-09-13]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
UNCLASSIFIED DNA BINDING DOMAIN TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS -
This group comprises DNA-binding transcription factors that do not classify under other domain-based transcription factor groups in FlyBase.
Summary (Interactive Fly)

transcriptional co-repressor - required for elongation of leg discs - potentiates Hedgehog signaling during retinogenesis

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
6
Number of Unique Polypeptides
6

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\dac for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q8IP19)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.50

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
dac-RA
FBtr0080875
NM_165160
4955
1072
dac-RB
FBtr0080876
NM_165162
4982
1081
dac-RC
FBtr0080877
NM_165159
4934
1065
dac-RD
FBtr0080878
NM_165161
4961
1074
dac-RF
FBtr0100399
NM_001014487
4955
1072
dac-RG
FBtr0100400
NM_001014486
4928
1063
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

5 (northern blot)

(Mardon et al., 1994)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
dac-PA
FBpp0080432
112.6
1072
7.09
Q9VJK6
NP_723969
AAF53538
dac-PB
FBpp0080433
113.7
1081
7.14
Q8IP19
NP_723971
AAN10944
dac-PC
FBpp0080434
111.8
1065
7.04
Q8IP21
NP_723968
AAN10942
dac-PD
FBpp0080435
112.8
1074
7.09
Q8IP20
NP_723970
AAN10943
dac-PF
FBpp0099813
112.7
1072
7.09
Q59DY9
NP_001014487
AAX52668
dac-PG
FBpp0099814
111.6
1063
7.04
Q59DZ0
NP_001014486
AAX52667
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

1081, 1074, 1072, 1065 (aa)

(Mardon et al., 1994)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\dac using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.32

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
antennal primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11
procephalic neurogenic region | central
(Lemons et al., 2010)
procephalic neurogenic region | posterior
(Lemons et al., 2010)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
central brain primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
clypeo-labral primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic central brain glial cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
procephalic neuroblast
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
embryonic brain
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic central brain glial cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic central brain neuron
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic hindgut
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic large intestine
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval nervous system
(Fisher et al., 2012)
labral sensory complex
(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral cord glial cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral cord neuron
(Fisher et al., 2012)
larval ventral nerve cord
(Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data

dac is transcribed mainly in the central and posterior regions of the protocerebral neurectoderm.

(Lemons et al., 2010)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system | restricted
(Mardon et al., 1994)
embryonic stage 9 -- 11
procephalic neurogenic region & embryonic ocular segment | dorsal | restricted
(Urbach and Technau, 2003)
protocerebral neuroblast | subset
(Urbach and Technau, 2003)
tritocerebral neuroblast | subset
(Urbach and Technau, 2003)
embryonic stage 9 -- 15
mushroom body primordium
• nucleus
(Martini et al., 2000)
embryonic stage 9 -- 16
mushroom body neuroblast
(Noveen et al., 2000)
embryonic stage 9 -- 17
mushroom body
(Martini et al., 2000)
embryonic stage 11
procephalic neurogenic region & embryonic protocerebrum | restricted
(Urbach and Technau, 2003)
procephalic neurogenic region & embryonic antennal segment | dorsal | restricted
(Urbach and Technau, 2003)
embryonic stage 15 -- larval stage
apterous-expressing neuron of the lateral cluster of the thorax Ap4
(Baumgardt et al., 2007)
larval stage
photoreceptor cell R6
(Mardon et al., 1994)
haltere disc
(Mardon et al., 1994)
photoreceptor cell R7
(Mardon et al., 1994)
photoreceptor cell R1
(Mardon et al., 1994)
cone cell
(Mardon et al., 1994)
eye-antennal disc
(Mardon et al., 1994)
adult optic lobe
(Mardon et al., 1994)
leg disc
(Mardon et al., 1994)
Kenyon cell
(Kurusu et al., 2002)
lamina furrow | posterior
(Poeck et al., 2001)
lamina monopolar neuron | subset
(Poeck et al., 2001)
lamina anlage | faint | restricted
(Poeck et al., 2001)
embryonic/larval mushroom body
(Martini et al., 2000)
neuron | subset of medulla anlage
(Li et al., 2013)
larval CCAP A1-A4 EN abdominal neuron
(Veverytsa and Allan, 2011)
first instar larval stage
eye-antennal disc
(Wang and Sun, 2012)
larval lateral horn Leucokinin neuron
(Herrero et al., 2014)
first instar larval stage -- third instar larval stage
neuron of embryonic/larval mushroom body
• nucleus
(Martini et al., 2000)
second instar larval stage
Kenyon cell
(Noveen et al., 2000)
eye disc | posterior
(Wang and Sun, 2012)
third instar larval stage
embryonic/larval neuron | subset of medulla anlage
(Hasegawa et al., 2011)
larval outer optic anlage
(Ruan et al., 2013)
lamina anlage | restricted
(Hasegawa et al., 2013)
larval optic anlage | restricted
(Apitz and Salecker, 2015)
lobula plate anlage
(Apitz and Salecker, 2015)
lamina anlage
(Apitz and Salecker, 2015)
presumptive third segment of antenna
(Kim et al., 2008)
antennal disc
(Kim et al., 2008)
embryonic/larval optic lobe | restricted
(Wallace et al., 2000)
lamina
(Wang et al., 2013)
lobula complex
(Wang et al., 2013)
antennal disc | distal
(Li et al., 2016)
leg disc | medial
(Kim et al., 2008)
third instar larval stage -- prepupal stage
presumptive metatarsus
(Natori et al., 2012)
presumptive tarsal segment 2
(Natori et al., 2012)
third instar larval stage -- prepupal stage P4
presumptive femur
(Greenberg and Hatini, 2009)
presumptive tibia
(Greenberg and Hatini, 2009)
presumptive metatarsus
(Greenberg and Hatini, 2009)
presumptive tarsal segment 2
(Greenberg and Hatini, 2009)
presumptive tarsal segment 3
(Greenberg and Hatini, 2009)
early third instar larval stage
leg disc | restricted
(Patel et al., 2007)
wandering third instar larval stage
eye disc anterior to the morphogenetic furrow | restricted
(Bessa et al., 2002)
eye disc posterior to the morphogenetic furrow | restricted
(Bessa et al., 2002)
eye disc morphogenetic furrow
(Bessa et al., 2002)
prepupal stage P3
metatarsus
(Devi et al., 2013)
tibia
(Devi et al., 2013)
tarsal segment 2
(Devi et al., 2013)
prepupal stage P4(ii) -- pharate adult stage P9
lamina | restricted

Comment: 12h APF to 72h APF

(Hasegawa et al., 2013)
pupal stage
mushroom body
(Martini et al., 2000)
pharate adult stage P8 -- P15
mushroom body intrinsic neuron
• nucleus
(Martini et al., 2000)
adult optic lobe
• nucleus
(Martini et al., 2000)
adult stage | male
organism

Comment: NOT testis

(Fabrizio et al., 2003)
adult stage
mushroom body intrinsic neuron
• nucleus
(Martini et al., 2000)
transmedullary neuron Tm9 | subset
(Hasegawa et al., 2011)
distal medullary amacrine neuron Dm8
(Hasegawa et al., 2011)
distal medullary amacrine neuron Dm8b
(Hasegawa et al., 2011)
adult mushroom body
(Martini et al., 2000)
lamina monopolar neuron L1 | intense
(Hasegawa et al., 2013)
lamina monopolar neuron L3 | intense
(Hasegawa et al., 2013)
lamina monopolar neuron L4 | intense
(Hasegawa et al., 2013)
lamina monopolar neuron L5 | faint
(Hasegawa et al., 2013)
Additional Descriptive Data

dac-protein is expressed in the lamina and lobula plate anlage as well as in distal cells of the larval optic anlage.

(Apitz and Salecker, 2015)

There is no difference in the expression pattern of dac between the male and female prothoracic leg discs.

(Devi et al., 2013)

When it is first expressed in the prospective tarsus, dac abuts the B-H1 expression domain distally. Just before the central fold forms, a gap region devoid of either apears. By the prepupal stage, dac is expressed strongly in the presumptive metatarsus and moderately in presumptive tarsal segment 2.

(Natori et al., 2012)

dac protein is expressed in a subset of neurons of the medulla anlage in third instar larva. In adults, dac is expressed in the medulla neurons Tm9, Dm8a and Dm8b.

(Hasegawa et al., 2011)

dac is expressed in CCAP-EN neurons but not in the CCAP-IN neurons.

(Veverytsa and Allan, 2011)

dac expression partially overlaps with disco gene expression in leg discs.

(Patel et al., 2007)

dac protein is not detected in the male germline.

(Fabrizio et al., 2003)

Expression in procephalic neuroblasts stage 9-11: tritocerebrum - v2; protocerebrum - av1, cd1, cd2, cd4, cd6, cd8, cd9, cd14, cv7, cv9, pd1, pd8, pd11

(Urbach and Technau, 2003)

dac protein is expressed at the morphogenetic furrow of the eye disc, in the pro-proneural cells immediately anterior the morphogenetic furrow, and in the cells immediately posterior the morphogenetic furrow. The dac protein expression pattern is non-overlapping with that of hth.

(Bessa et al., 2002)

dac protein is observed in mushroom body nuclei at 48, 72, and 96 hours after puparium formation. It is also evident in the area of the mushroom bodies in larvae at all stages and in embryos beginning at around stage 9. In adults, dac protein expression occurs in mushroom body neurons that are 8-10 hours old but not in neuroblasts, ganglion mother cells, or newly born neurons.

(Martini et al., 2000)

dac is expressed in a cluster of approximately 10-12 cells beginning at stage 9 of embryogenesis, which correspond to the mushroom body neuroblasts. Expression remains in the mushroom body ectoderm and mushroom body neuroblasts throughout embryogenesis. Expression expands to include a cluster of cells laterally adjacent to the mushroom body neuroectoderm, referred to as the 'para-MB neurectoderm'. At later stages of embryogenesis, expression is found in scattered groups of neurons in both the ventral nerve cord and brain, and other embryonic tissue. By stage 16 dac positive cells become incorporated into the brain. Levels of expression are noted to decline by embryogenesis stage 13.

(Noveen et al., 2000)

dac protein is expressed in imaginal discs in larvae. In the eye disc, it is expressed strongly in the unpatterned epithelium preceding the morphogenetic furrow. Posterior to the furrow, dac protein is expressed primarily in R1, R6, and R7 as well as in cone cells. dac protein is expressed only in the part of the eye disc that will become the retina. In leg discs, it is expressed in a ring pattern from a very early stage. It is also expressed in the third antennal disc segment and in wing discs. dac protein is also expressed in the embryonic CNS and in the optic lobe of the larval brain.

(Mardon et al., 1994)
Marker for
 
larval CCAP A1-A4 EN abdominal neuron
(Veverytsa and Allan, 2011)
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Martini et al., 2000, Mardon et al., 1994)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Reporter: P{GawB}dacp7d23
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
third instar larval stage
eye disc morphogenetic furrow | surrounding
(Chanut et al., 2002)
Reporter: P{PZ}dacP
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
wandering third instar larval stage
imaginal disc
(Meister and Braun, 1995.10)
adult stage
calyx of adult mushroom body
(Martini et al., 2000)
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\dac in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 46 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 37 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of dac
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of dac
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 60 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 60 )
Gene not disrupted in
Df(2L)64j
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)A72
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)A267
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)ARR1
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)b80e4
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)el20
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)el28
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)fn12
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)fn26
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)fn27
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)H20
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)k08106-rv4
(Roote, 2000.6.13)
Df(2L)k08106-rv6
(Roote, 2000.6.13, Roote, 1999.7.7)
Df(2L)k08106-rv15
(Roote, 2000.6.13, Roote, 1999.7.7)
Df(2L)n78l3
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)noc11
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)osp38
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)RA5
(Roote, 1996.8, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)rd9
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)Sco7
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)Scorv16
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)Scorv18
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)Scorv19
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)Scorv25
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)SS1
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35BC-3
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35BC-4
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35BC-34
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-1
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-2
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-3
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-4
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-6
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-13
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-14
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-15
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-19
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-20
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-21
(Roote, 1996.8, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-22
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
In(2L)dpps22Ldppd36R
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
In(2L)el18
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
In(2LR)Scorv1-DV7
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
T(2;3)Scorv7
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Gene disrupted in
Df(2L)cact-255rv64
(Spradling et al., 1999, Roote, 1996.1.11, Roote, 1996.8, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Tower et al., 1993)
Df(2L)dac-4
(Mardon et al., 1994)
Df(2L)Exel7065
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Df(2L)Exel7066
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Df(2L)r10
(Ashraf et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)RI1
(Ashraf et al., 1999)
Df(2L)RM5
(Ashraf et al., 1999, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)RN2
(Roote, 1995.3.24, Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-16
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Df(2L)TE35D-23
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Gene duplicated in
Dp(2;3)osp3
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Gene not duplicated in
Dp(2;1)Scorv23
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Dp(2;2)GYL
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Dp(2;2)TE35B-54L
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
In(2L)C163.41LC158R
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
In(2L)Scorv17LC158R
(Ashburner et al., 1990)
Inferred from location ( 0 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal, with Scer\GAL4hs.PB
lethal | recessive
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal neuroanatomy
visible
visible, with Scer\GAL47B
visible, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
visible, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
visible, with Scer\GAL4GMR.long
visible, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
visible | dominant
visible | male
visible | recessive
visible | recessive | somatic clone
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
adult head, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
adult head, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
adult mushroom body
adult mushroom body, with Scer\GAL4238Y
adult mushroom body (with dac1)
adult mushroom body (with dac3)
adult mushroom body (with Df(2L)dac-4)
adult mushroom body alpha'-lobe
adult mushroom body alpha-lobe
adult mushroom body alpha-lobe (with dac1)
adult mushroom body alpha-lobe (with dac3)
adult mushroom body alpha-lobe (with Df(2L)dac-4)
adult mushroom body alpha-lobe | larval stage (with dac1)
adult mushroom body alpha-lobe | larval stage (with dac3)
adult mushroom body alpha-lobe | larval stage (with Df(2L)dac-4)
adult mushroom body alpha-lobe | somatic clone
adult mushroom body beta'-lobe
adult mushroom body beta'-lobe (with dac1)
adult mushroom body beta'-lobe (with dac3)
adult mushroom body beta'-lobe (with Df(2L)dac-4)
adult mushroom body beta'-lobe | somatic clone
adult mushroom body beta-lobe
adult mushroom body beta-lobe (with dac1)
adult mushroom body beta-lobe (with dac3)
adult mushroom body beta-lobe (with Df(2L)dac-4)
adult mushroom body beta-lobe | somatic clone
adult mushroom body gamma-lobe
adult mushroom body gamma-lobe, with dac1/Df(2L)dac-4, Scer\GAL4ey-OK107
adult mushroom body gamma-lobe, with dac3/Df(2L)dac-4, Scer\GAL4ey-OK107
adult mushroom body gamma-lobe, with Scer\GAL4ey-OK107, dac1/dac3
adult mushroom body gamma-lobe (with dac1)
adult mushroom body gamma-lobe (with dac1), with Scer\GAL4ey-OK107, dac7C1.UAS
adult mushroom body gamma-lobe (with dac3)
adult mushroom body gamma-lobe (with dac3), with Scer\GAL4ey-OK107, dac7C1.UAS
adult mushroom body gamma-lobe (with Df(2L)dac-4)
adult mushroom body gamma-lobe (with Df(2L)dac-4), with Scer\GAL4ey-OK107, dac7C1.UAS
adult mushroom body gamma-lobe (with Df(2L)dac-4), with Scer\GAL4ey-OK107, dac21.UAS
adult mushroom body gamma-lobe | somatic clone
antenna, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
antenna, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
anterior-posterior compartment boundary of the leg disc, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
anterior-posterior compartment boundary of the wing disc, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
arista (with Df(2L)dac-4)
bract | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
calyx of adult mushroom body (with dac1)
calyx of adult mushroom body (with dac3)
calyx of adult mushroom body (with Df(2L)dac-4)
ellipsoid body, with dac1/Df(2L)dac-4, Scer\GAL4ey-OK107
ellipsoid body (with dac1)
ellipsoid body (with dac3)
ellipsoid body (with Df(2L)dac-4), with Scer\GAL4ey-OK107, dac21.UAS
eye
eye, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
eye, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
eye (with dac3)
eye (with dacGAL4)
eye | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
eye | ectopic & adult head, with Scer\GAL4GMR.long
eye | ectopic & female genitalia, with Scer\GAL47B
eye-antennal disc
eye disc morphogenetic furrow
femur | somatic clone
fifth segment of antenna (with Df(2L)dac-4)
interommatidial bristle, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
lamina tangential neuron
leg
leg, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
leg, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
leg | somatic clone
leg disc
leg joint, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
leg joint | somatic clone
mesothoracic femur
mesothoracic metatarsus
mesothoracic tarsal segment 2
mesothoracic tarsal segment 3
mesothoracic tibia
metatarsus | ectopic
metathoracic femur
metathoracic metatarsus
metathoracic tarsal segment 2
metathoracic tarsal segment 3
metathoracic tibia
mushroom body spur (with dac1)
mushroom body spur (with dac3)
mushroom body spur (with Df(2L)dac-4)
ommatidium
ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH
ommatidium (with dac3)
ommatidium (with dacGAL4)
photoreceptor cell R1
photoreceptor cell R2
photoreceptor cell R3
photoreceptor cell R4
photoreceptor cell R5
photoreceptor cell R6
photoreceptor cell R7
photoreceptor cell R8
prothoracic femur
prothoracic leg & sex comb
prothoracic metatarsus
prothoracic tarsal segment 2
prothoracic tarsal segment 2 | male
prothoracic tarsal segment 3
prothoracic tibia
rhabdomere, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
sex comb | ectopic
spermathecal duct
surstylar long bristle
surstylar tooth
surstylus
tarsal segment 2
tarsal segment | somatic clone
tibia | somatic clone
wing, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (3)
Hsap\DACH1
10 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\DACH2
10 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\SKIDA1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (2)
Rnor\Dach1
8 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Dach2
5 of 14
No
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (3)
Mmus\Dach2
10 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Dach1
9 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Skida1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (3)
Xtro\dach2
7 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\dach1
6 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\nrg3
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (4)
Drer\dacha
10 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\dachc
10 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\dachd
10 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\dachb
9 of 14
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)
Cele\dac-1
7 of 14
Yes
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007935
11 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:dac. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    dacUAS.cSa
    exacerbates  Alzheimer's disease
    modeled by
    (Moran et al., 2013)
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    DACH1; dachshund family transcription factor 1
    10 of 14
    603803
        DACH2; dachshund family transcription factor 2
        10 of 14
        300608
            Functional Complementation Data
            Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
            Interactions
            Summary of Physical Interactions
            Summary of Genetic Interactions
            esyN Network Diagram
            Show/hide secondary interactors 
            (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
            esyN Network Key:
            Suppression
            Enhancement
            View in Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
            Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
            Starting gene(s)
            Interaction type
            Interacting gene(s)
            Reference
            dac
            suppressible
            CycE
            (Jiao et al., 2001)
            dac
            suppressible
            dac::Ggal\Dach2
            (Heanue et al., 1999)
            dac
            enhanceable
            ey
            (Martini et al., 2000)
            dac
            enhanceable
            eya
            (Tavsanli et al., 2004, Bui et al., 2000, Chen et al., 1997)
            dac
            enhanceable
            hh
            (Mardon et al., 1994)
            dac
            enhanceable
            Myc
            (Jiao et al., 2001)
            dac
            enhanceable
            ph-p
            (Ogiyama et al., 2018)
            Starting gene(s)
            Interaction type
            Interacting gene(s)
            Reference
            CtBP
            suppressible
            dac
            (Hoang et al., 2010)
            dpp
            enhanceable
            dac
            (Curtiss and Mlodzik, 2000)
            Egfr
            suppressible
            dac
            (Mardon et al., 1994)
            ey
            enhanceable
            dac
            (Martini et al., 2000, Chen et al., 1999)
            eya
            enhanceable
            dac
            (Tavsanli et al., 2004)
            eya
            suppressible
            dac
            (Hsiao et al., 2001)
            peb
            suppressible
            dac
            (Wilk et al., 2004)
            Psn
            enhanceable
            dac
            (Mahoney et al., 2006)
            External Data
            Linkouts
            BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            Pathways
            Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
            Metabolic Pathways
            External Data
            Linkouts
            Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
            Chromosome (arm)
            2L
            Recombination map
            2-52
            Cytogenetic map
            36A1-36A2
            Sequence location
            FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
            Cytogenetic map
            Evidence for location
            36A1-36A2
            Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}fzyEP1028&P{lacW}mRpL4k14608 and P{PZ}dacP
            Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
            Cytogenetic map
            Notes
            References
            36A1-36A2
            (determined by in situ hybridisation)
            (Ashburner et al., 1999, Spradling et al., 1999)
            35F-36A
            (determined by in situ hybridisation)
            (Docquier et al., 1999)
            36A1-36A2
            (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
            Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
            Location

            2-52

            (FlyBase, 2016)

            2-50.1

            (Comeron et al., 2012)
            Left of (cM)
            Right of (cM)
            Notes
            Stocks and Reagents
            Stocks (24)
            Genomic Clones (18)
             

            Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

            cDNA Clones (54)
             

            Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

            cDNA clones, fully sequenced
            BDGP DGC clones
            Other clones
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

            For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

              cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
              BDGP DGC clones
              Other clones
              RNAi and Array Information
              Linkouts
              DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
              Antibody Information
              Laboratory Generated Antibodies
               

              monoclonal

              (Mardon et al., 1994)
              Commercially Available Antibodies
               
              Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank - Monoclonal antibodies for use in research
              Cell Line Information
              Publicly Available Cell Lines
               
                Other Stable Cell Lines
                 
                  Other Comments

                  dac is necessary to upregulate and maintain Egfr expression in lamina neurons.

                  (Chotard et al., 2005)

                  The 5' eye enhancer region located in intron 8 is primarily regulated by ey, although this regulation also requires eya and so. By contrast, the 3' eye enhancer is regulated by a combination of eya, so and dpp signaling, but is not directly dependent upon ey.

                  (Pappu et al., 2005)

                  dac is essential for proper joint formation between antennal segment 5 and the arista.

                  (Dong et al., 2002)

                  dac plays sex-specific roles in the development of the genitalia.

                  (Keisman and Baker, 2001)

                  dac has a function in the structural development of the mushroom body.

                  (Kurusu et al., 2000)

                  dac is required autonomously within the mushroom body (MB) for three major aspects of MB cell differentiation; it is required for MB neurites to respect their normal neuropil borders, for axons to arrange themselves properly within the horizontal (β, β' and γ) lobes and for MB axons to be able to fill the α lobe neuropil properly.

                  (Martini et al., 2000)

                  ey and dac do not seem to regulate each other's expression in the developing mushroom body.

                  (Noveen et al., 2000)

                  ey and dac may have a role in axon pathway selection during embryogenesis.

                  (Noveen et al., 2000)

                  dac and eya act synergistically to induce ectopic retinal development and positively regulate the expression of each other.

                  (Chen et al., 1997)

                  Targeted expression of dac is sufficient to direct ectopic retinal development in a variety of tissues, including the adult head, thorax and legs. dac and ey induce the expression of each other and dac is required for ectopic retinal development driven by ey misexpression. Results suggest dac and ey are likely to function together in the control of retinal cell-fate specification at the early stages of eye development.

                  (Shen and Mardon, 1997)
                  Relationship to Other Genes
                  Source for database merge of
                  Additional comments
                  Nomenclature History
                  Source for database identify of

                  Source for identity of: dac CG4952

                  (Kodira, 1999.11)
                  Nomenclature comments
                  Etymology

                  Some mutant alleles produce escapers with crippled legs (hence the name "dachshund").

                  (Ashburner et al., 1999)

                  The gene is named "dachshund" after the mutant phenotype; mutant flies have short, little legs.

                  (Mardon et al., 1994)
                  Synonyms and Secondary IDs (21)
                  Reported As
                  Symbol Synonym
                  BG:DS02780.3
                  (Ashburner et al., 1999, Ashburner et al., 1999.10.12)
                  CG4952
                  (National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Datta et al., 2011, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Perkins et al., 2009.3.31, Molnar et al., 2006, Metaxakis et al., 2005)
                  DAC
                  (Datta et al., 2011, Kosmidis et al., 2010, Datta et al., 2009, Dey et al., 2009, Erclik et al., 2008, Sawamura et al., 2008, Yoshida et al., 2005)
                  Dac
                  (Avellino et al., 2023, Pollington et al., 2023, Beaven and Denholm, 2022, Bostock et al., 2022, Ray et al., 2022, Rubio-Ferrera et al., 2022, Johnson, 2021, Chen and Desplan, 2020, Neal et al., 2020, Bridi et al., 2019, Chai et al., 2019, Sato et al., 2019, Davis and Rebay, 2018, Richardson and Portela, 2018, Tran et al., 2018, Davis and Rebay, 2017, Davis and Rebay, 2017, Apitz and Salecker, 2016, Chen et al., 2016, Jin and Mardon, 2016, Jin et al., 2016, Kraft et al., 2016, Li et al., 2016, Urbach et al., 2016, Yasugi and Nishimura, 2016, Apitz and Salecker, 2015, Hall and Verheyen, 2015, Oliveira et al., 2014, Atkins et al., 2013, Da Ros et al., 2013, Kannan and Fridell, 2013, Khan et al., 2013, Li et al., 2013, Li et al., 2013, Ruan et al., 2013, Sato et al., 2013, Zhou and Luo, 2013, Dearborn et al., 2012, Oyallon et al., 2012, Plavicki et al., 2012, Ulvklo et al., 2012, Wang and Sun, 2012, Baker and Firth, 2011, Hadjieconomou et al., 2011, Hasegawa et al., 2011, Hwang and Rulifson, 2011, Kawamori et al., 2011, Lynch and Wagner, 2011, Olson et al., 2011, Wang et al., 2011, Zhang et al., 2011, Estella and Mann, 2010, Kosmidis et al., 2010, Sugie et al., 2010, Yasugi et al., 2010, Yogev et al., 2010, Baumgardt et al., 2009, Kim et al., 2009, Lee et al., 2009, Lin et al., 2009, McKay et al., 2009, Peng et al., 2009, Zhang et al., 2009, Brás-Pereira and Casares, 2008, Nishimura et al., 2008, Schuldiner et al., 2008, Wang et al., 2008, Yasugi et al., 2008, Bannina and Kopp, 2007, Barrio et al., 2007, Baumgardt et al., 2007, Jemc and Rebay, 2007, Mishra and Nigam, 2007, Chu et al., 2006, Ekas et al., 2006, Kozu et al., 2006, Babu et al., 2005, Zhang et al., 2005, Dominguez et al., 2004, Kaminker et al., 2002, Bhandari and Shashidhara, 2001, Gorfinkiel et al., 1999)
                  Dac2-3
                  (Leal et al., 2009)
                  Dach
                  (Lacin et al., 2014, Zhu et al., 2008)
                  Dachs
                  (Gou et al., 2023)
                  Dachshund
                  (Dapergola et al., 2021)
                  Dm-DAC
                  (Prpic et al., 2003)
                  dac
                  (Fisher et al., 2023, Praschberger et al., 2023, Clarembaux-Badell et al., 2022, Winant et al., 2022, Bilder et al., 2021, Dow et al., 2021, Kvon et al., 2021, McLaughlin et al., 2021, Michki et al., 2021, Pang et al., 2021, Bridi et al., 2020, Creed et al., 2020, Li and Hidalgo, 2020, Loubiere et al., 2020, Maire et al., 2020, Míguez et al., 2020, Texada et al., 2020, Gaspar et al., 2019, Hall et al., 2019, Kurmangaliyev et al., 2019, Meltzer et al., 2019, Schilling et al., 2019, Shokri et al., 2019, Al-Ramahi et al., 2018, Ariss et al., 2018, Baker et al., 2018, Gabilondo et al., 2018, Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-, Mora et al., 2018, Ogiyama et al., 2018, Sarkar et al., 2018, Aggarwal et al., 2017, Davis et al., 2017, Kojima, 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Aggarwal et al., 2016, Iyer et al., 2016, Kucerova et al., 2016, Wang et al., 2016, Bivik et al., 2015, Doggett et al., 2015, Lopes and Casares, 2015, Wittkorn et al., 2015, Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014, Atallah et al., 2014, Blaquiere et al., 2014, Piñeiro et al., 2014, Devi et al., 2013, Hasegawa et al., 2013, Li et al., 2013, Martin et al., 2013, Moran et al., 2013, Naval-Sánchez et al., 2013, Southall et al., 2013, Weasner and Kumar, 2013, Atallah et al., 2012, Gutiérrez et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Kunz et al., 2012, Manning et al., 2012, Morillo et al., 2012, Nfonsam et al., 2012, Spokony and White, 2012.11.14, Ahn et al., 2011, Chatterjee et al., 2011, Datta et al., 2011, Datta et al., 2011, Galindo et al., 2011, Gehring, 2011, Giorgianni and Mann, 2011, Royo et al., 2011, Suska et al., 2011, Bosch et al., 2010, Céspedes et al., 2010, Estella and Mann, 2010, Karlsson et al., 2010, Lemons et al., 2010, Losada-Pérez et al., 2010, Oros et al., 2010, Popov et al., 2010, Salzer and Kumar, 2010, Salzer et al., 2010, Wang et al., 2010, Firth and Baker, 2009, Furukubo-Tokunaga et al., 2009, Greenberg and Hatini, 2009, Kurusu et al., 2009, Salzer and Kumar, 2009, Weasner et al., 2009, Anderson and Kumar, 2008, Baumgardt et al., 2008, Braid and Verheyen, 2008, Duong et al., 2008, Estella and Mann, 2008, Houl et al., 2008, Kim et al., 2008, Lebreton et al., 2008, Pfeiffer et al., 2008, Pueyo and Couso, 2008, Randsholt and Santamaria, 2008, Salzer and Kumar, 2008, Tanaka-Matakatsu and Du, 2008, Baumgardt et al., 2007, Curtiss et al., 2007, Ebacher et al., 2007, Emmons et al., 2007, Estella and Mann, 2007, Halachmi et al., 2007, Herrero et al., 2007, Jakobsen et al., 2007, Jones, 2007, Kumar and Anderson, 2007, Kumar and Datta, 2007, Kumar and Luhur, 2007, Kumar and Salzer, 2007, Loncle et al., 2007, Patel et al., 2007, Randsholt, 2007, Sprecher et al., 2007, Stevens and Mann, 2007, Wang et al., 2007, Weasner et al., 2007, Culi et al., 2006, Friedrich, 2006, Joulia et al., 2006, Mahoney et al., 2006, Molnar et al., 2006, Noro et al., 2006, Umetsu et al., 2006, Urbach et al., 2006, Akimoto et al., 2005, Choi et al., 2005, Chotard et al., 2005, Martini and Davis, 2005, Roederer et al., 2005, Silver et al., 2003, Wallace et al., 2000)
                  dach
                  (Kawakami et al., 2000)
                  l(2)36Ae
                  (Ashburner et al., 1999, Ashburner et al., 1990)
                  l(2)rK364
                  spn
                  Name Synonyms
                  DACHSHUND
                  (Furukubo-Tokunaga et al., 2009, Erclik et al., 2008, Houl et al., 2008)
                  Dachshund
                  (Tran et al., 2018, Kraft et al., 2016, Nässel et al., 2015, Lacin et al., 2014, Oliveira et al., 2014, Kannan and Fridell, 2013, Li et al., 2013, Oyallon et al., 2012, Jepson et al., 2011, Wang et al., 2011, Losada-Pérez et al., 2010, Baumgardt et al., 2009, Leal et al., 2009, Kaplow et al., 2008, Sawamura et al., 2008, Zhu et al., 2008, Barrio et al., 2007, Curtiss et al., 2007, Zhang et al., 2005)
                  Dachsund
                  (Urbach et al., 2016)
                  dachshund
                  (Kojima, 2017, Jin and Mardon, 2016, Piñeiro et al., 2014, Devi et al., 2013, Southall et al., 2013, Weasner and Kumar, 2013, Atallah et al., 2012, Dearborn et al., 2012, Ahn et al., 2011, Gehring, 2011, Giorgianni and Mann, 2011, Royo et al., 2011, Estella and Mann, 2010, Lemons et al., 2010, Popov et al., 2010, Salzer and Kumar, 2010, Salzer et al., 2010, Wang et al., 2010, Dey et al., 2009, Greenberg and Hatini, 2009, Kurusu et al., 2009, Weasner et al., 2009, Duong et al., 2008, Estella and Mann, 2008, Hoopfer et al., 2008, Kim et al., 2008, Lebreton et al., 2008, Lesly and Kumar, 2008, Pfeiffer et al., 2008, Ulvklo et al., 2008, Bannina and Kopp, 2007, Ebacher et al., 2007, Emmons et al., 2007, Halachmi et al., 2007, Herrero et al., 2007, Jakobsen et al., 2007, Kumar and Anderson, 2007, Kumar and Datta, 2007, Kumar and Luhur, 2007, Kumar and Salzer, 2007, Lee et al., 2007, Loncle et al., 2007, Patel et al., 2007, Randsholt, 2007, Sprecher et al., 2007, Wang et al., 2007, Anderson et al., 2006, Fernald, 2006, Noro et al., 2006, Akimoto et al., 2005, Martini and Davis, 2005, Roederer et al., 2005, Silver et al., 2003, Mardon, 1994.12.30)
                  dachsund
                  (Aggarwal et al., 2017, Aggarwal et al., 2016, Naval-Sánchez et al., 2013, Estella and Mann, 2007, Takaesu et al., 2006, Tower et al., 1993)
                  dacshund
                  (Oros et al., 2010, Friedrich, 2006, Butler et al., 2005, Garvey et al., 2005)
                  daschund
                  (Jones, 2007)
                  spinosus
                  Secondary FlyBase IDs
                    Datasets (0)
                    Study focus (0)
                    Experimental Role
                    Project
                    Project Type
                    Title
                    Study result (0)
                    Result
                    Result Type
                    Title
                    External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 76 )
                    Sequence Crossreferences
                    NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                    GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                    GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                    RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                    UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                    UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                    Other crossreferences
                    AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                    BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                    DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                    EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                    FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                    FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                    InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                    KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                    MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                    Linkouts
                    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                    Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank - Monoclonal antibodies for use in research
                    Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                    FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                    FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                    Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                    Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                    iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                    Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
                    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                    References (536)